{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T13:47:50Z","timestamp":1775742470464,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\u2014To study the functional and structural\nresponses of the right dorsal colon (RDC) of ponies to\nphenylbutazone (PBZ) in vitro at a concentration that\ncould be achieved in vivo.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20148 adult ponies.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Short circuit current and conductance\nwere measured in mucosa from the RDC. Tissues\nincubated with and without HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> were exposed to\nPBZ, bumetanide, or indomethacin. Bidirectional Cl<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\nfluxes were determined. After a baseline flux period,\nprostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) was added to the serosal surfaces\nand a second flux period followed. Light and\ntransmission electron microscopy were performed.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Baseline short circuit current was diminished\nsignificantly by PBZ and indomethacin, and\nincreased significantly after addictions of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. After\nPGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was added, Cl<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> secretion increased significantly\nin tissues in HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>-free solutions and solutions\nwith anti-inflammatory drugs, compared with corresponding\nbaseline measurements and with control\ntissues exposed to PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Bumetanide did not affect\nbaseline short circuit current and Cl<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> fluxes. The predominant\nhistologic change was apoptosis of surface\nepithelial cells treated with PBZ and to a lesser extent\nin those treated with indomethacin.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prostaglandin-\ninduced Cl<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> secretion appeared to involve a\ntransporter that might also secrete HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>. Both PBZ\nand indomethacin altered ion transport in RDC and\ncaused apoptosis; PBZ can damage mucosa through\na mechanism that could be important in vivo. The clinically\nharmful effect of PBZ on equine RDC in vivo\ncould be mediated through its effects on Cl<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> and\nHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup> secretion. (<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2002;220:934\u2013941)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,23]],"date-time":"2006-01-23T18:27:09Z","timestamp":1138040829000},"page":"934-941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["In vitro anion transport alterations and apoptosis induced by phenylbutazone in the right dorsal colon of ponies"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Ruth-Anne","family":"Richter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Wallig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Whittem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon 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