{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:40:37Z","timestamp":1786552837932,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To characterize onset and clinical signs of\npolysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM) in a welldefined\npopulation of affected Quarter Horses, identify\nrisk factors for PSSM, determine compliance of\nowners to dietary and exercise recommendations,\nand evaluate the efficacy of dietary and exercise recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201440 Quarter Horses with PSSM and 37\nunaffected control horses.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>s\u2014Owners of horses with PSSM completed\na retrospective questionnaire concerning their\nhorse's condition.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Between horses with PSSM and control\nhorses, no significant differences were found in sex\ndistribution (21 vs 15 females and 16 vs 22 males,\nrespectively), temperament, muscle build, diet, or\namount of turnout. In horses with PSSM, signs of\nmuscle stiffness, muscle fasciculations, sweating,\nexercise intolerance, weakness, muscle wasting,\nreluctance to move, colic, abnormal gait, recumbency,\nlameness, and swollen muscles began between the\nage of 1 day and 14 years (mean age, 4.9 \u00b1 3.5 years).\nFive horses with PSSM developed acute muscle atrophy.\nSixty-three percent (25\/40) of owners fed the recommended\ndiet, 55% (22\/40) provided regular exercise,\nand 40% (16\/40) followed both dietary and exercise\nrecommendations. Owners of affected horses\nfor which a decrease in severity or frequency of\nPSSM was not found did not follow the exercise,\ndietary, or both recommendations. All horses for\nwhich both dietary and exercise recommendations\nwere followed had improvement in signs of PSSM.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In addition to\nexertional rhabdomyolysis, signs of PSSM include\nacute muscle atrophy and gait abnormalities. It\nappears that PSSM can be managed by following\ndietary recommendations combined with gradual\nincreases in daily exercise. 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