{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:29:33Z","timestamp":1778279373580,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To compare cardiovascular effects of\nequipotent infusion doses of propofol alone and in\ncombination with ketamine administered with and\nwithout noxious stimulation in cats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20146 cats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats were anesthetized with propofol\n(loading dose, 6.6 mg\/kg; constant rate infusion [CRI],\n0.22 mg\/kg\/min) and instrumented for blood collection\nand measurement of blood pressures and cardiac\noutput. Cats were maintained at this CRI for a further\n60 minutes, and blood samples and measurements\nwere taken. A noxious stimulus was applied for 5 minutes,\nand blood samples and measurements were\nobtained. Propofol concentration was decreased to\n0.14 mg\/kg\/min, and ketamine (loading dose, 2\nmg\/kg; CRI, 23 \u00b5g\/kg\/min) was administered. After a\nfurther 60 minutes, blood samples and measurements\nwere taken. A second 5-minute noxious stimulus\nwas applied, and blood samples and measurements\nwere obtained.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mean arterial pressure, central venous\npressure, pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure,\nstroke index, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance\nindex, pulmonary vascular resistance index,\noxygen delivery index, oxygen consumption index,\noxygen utilization ratio, partial pressure of oxygen in\nmixed venous blood, pH of arterial blood, PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, arterial\nbicarbonate concentration, and base deficit values\ncollected during propofol were not changed by the\naddition of ketamine and reduction of propofol.\nCompared with propofol, ketamine and reduction of\npropofol significantly increased mean pulmonary arterial\npressure and venous admixture and significantly\ndecreased PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Administration\nof propofol by CRI for maintenance of anesthesia\ninduced stable hemodynamics and could prove\nto be clinically useful in cats. 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