{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T21:09:53Z","timestamp":1775768993700,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To identify apoptosis in equine intestines\nand determine whether apoptosis is associated with\ngastrointestinal tract disease or a specific tissue layer\nof intestine.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u201438 horses that underwent surgery or were\neuthanatized for small or large intestine obstruction,\nstrangulation, or distension and 9 control horses\neuthanatized for reasons other than gastrointestinal\ntract disease or systemic disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Specimens were collected at surgery\nfrom intestine involved in the primary lesion and distant\nto the primary lesion site or at necropsy from\nseveral sites including the primary lesion site.\nHistologic tissue sections were stained with H&amp;E,\nand apoptosis was detected by use of the terminal\ndeoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end\nlabeling technique. The number of apoptotic cells per\nhpf was counted in the mucosa, circular muscle, longitudinal\nmuscle, and serosa.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Apoptotic nuclei were seen in all layers of\nintestine. An increased number of apoptotic cells was\nfound in the circular muscle of the intestine from horses\nwith simple obstruction, compared with strangulating\nobstruction or healthy intestine. Intestine distant\nfrom a primary strangulating lesion had higher numbers\nof apoptotic cells than did intestine distant from\na simple obstructive lesion or intestine taken at the\nsite of a strangulating or simple obstructive lesion.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Intestine\nfrom horses with obstructing or strangulating lesions\nin the small intestine and large colon had high numbers\nof apoptotic cells possibly because of ischemic\ncell injury and subsequent inflammation. Whether\nsubstantial apoptosis affects intestinal function is not\nyet known. 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