{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:14:52Z","timestamp":1763036092449,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the onset of immunity after\nIM administration of a single dose of a recombinant\ncanarypox virus vaccine against West Nile virus\n(WNV) in horses in a blind challenge trial.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201420 mixed-breed horses.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Horses with no prior exposure to WNV\nwere randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups (10 horses\/group). In 1 group, a recombinant canarypox\nvirus vaccine against WNV was administered to\neach horse once (day 0). The other 10 control horses\nwere untreated. On day 26, 9 treated and 10 control\nhorses were challenged via the bites of mosquitoes\n(<jats:italic>Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic>) infected with WNV.\nClinical responses and WNV isolation were monitored\nfor 14 days after challenge exposure; antibody\nresponses against WNV after administration of the\nvaccine and challenge were also assessed in both\ngroups.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Following challenge via WNV-infected mosquitoes,\n1 of 9 treated horses developed viremia. In\ncontrast, 8 of 10 control horses developed viremia\nafter challenge exposure to WNV-infected mosquitoes.\nAll horses seroconverted after WNV challenge;\ncompared with control horses, antibody responses in\nthe horses that received the vaccine were detected\nearlier.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In horses, a\nsingle dose of the recombinant canarypox virus-WNV\nvaccine appears to provide early protection against\ndevelopment of viremia after challenge with WNVinfected\nmosquitoes, even in the absence of measurable\nantibody titers in some horses. This vaccine\nmay provide veterinarians with an important tool in\ncontrolling WNV infection during a natural outbreak or\nunder conditions in which a rapid onset of protection\nis required. 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