{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T20:31:50Z","timestamp":1770064310234,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate markers of hemostasis and\ntheir relationship to the degree of mitral regurgitation\n(MR) and platelet function in Cavalier King Charles\nSpaniels (CKCSs) with myxomatous mitral valve disease.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201476 clinically healthy CKCSs and 24 control\ndogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014All dogs underwent echocardiographic\nexamination; various hemostatic, hematologic, and\nbiochemical variables were evaluated in blood. The\nCKCSs were allocated to 1 of 3 groups on the basis of\nMR severity. In 8 control dogs and 8 CKCSs, plasma\nvon Willebrand factor (vWF) multimer analysis was\nperformed.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Compared with control dogs, plasma fibrinogen\nconcentration was higher in all CKCSs and\nrelated to left ventricular end diastolic diameter and\nleft atrial-to-aortic root ratio among all CKCSs. The\nactivated partial thromboplastin times and plasma Ddimer\nconcentration were similar among the 4\ngroups. Plasma vWF concentration was lower in\nCKCSs with moderate to severe MR, compared with\nthat of CKCSs with no MR and control dogs. There\nwas a relationship between plasma vWF concentration\nand platelet function in CKCSs but not in control\ndogs. In 4 CKCSs with moderate to severe MR and\nlow plasma vWF concentration, amounts of vWF\nhigh-molecular-weight multimers (HMWMs) were\nlow.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In CKCSs,\nMR appeared to be associated with a low plasma\nvWF concentration and likely a loss of vWF HMWMs\n(possibly through their destruction via shear stress to\nthe blood). The importance of the changes in plasma\nfibrinogen concentration and the thromboembolic risk\nin dogs with MR remain to be investigated. 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