{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T12:06:58Z","timestamp":1764331618983,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the earliest age that\ncanine tibial plateau angles (TPAs) can be reliably\nmeasured and determine whether TPAs change during\nlong bone growth.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201410 Labrador Retrievers and 20 Labrador\nRetriever-hound crossbreeds.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Stifle joints were radiographed every 2\nmonths from 8 weeks of age to radiographic closure\nof the tibial physes. Four examiners radiographically\nevaluated TPA, physeal closure status (ie, complete or\nincomplete) of the proximal and distal tibial physis,\nand whether anatomic TPA measurement landmarks\nwere sufficiently visible (LSV) or insufficiently visible\n(LIV) for accurate measuring. Linear regression analysis\nwas performed to detect change in TPAs over\ntime. Mean ages with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)\nwere determined for dogs with radiographs classified\nas LIV and LSV.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014TPAs did not change from 90 days of age to\nphyseal closure. Mean age for dogs with radiographs\nclassified as LIV was 70.2 days (95% CI, 68.12 to\n72.28 days), with no dog with LIV radiographs over 81\ndays of age. Mean age for dogs with radiographs classified\nas LSV was 85.5 days (CI, 76.73 to 94.27 days).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014TPAs in\nLabrador Retrievers and Labrador Retriever-hound\ncrossbreeds can be measured accurately after 90\ndays of age, and earlier attempts to measure result in\nfalsely low TPA measurements. Measuring TPAs in\ngrowing dogs may allow earlier detection of premature\nphyseal closures. As more is learned about the\nrole of the TPA in cranial cruciate ligament injury, early\ntreatment may be possible for growing dogs with cruciate\nligament injuries and excessive tibial slope.\n(<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2004;65:513\u2013518)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T13:15:09Z","timestamp":1135170909000},"page":"513-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sequential measurements of the tibial plateau angle in large-breed, growing dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Jacob W.","family":"Odders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl R.","family":"Jessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Lipowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_699","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.363","volume":"218","author":"Morris E","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_2_700","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2001.21400"},{"key":"p_3_701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-37-3-263","volume":"37","author":"Caylor KB","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_4_702","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00009.x"},{"key":"p_5_703","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1999.215.06.811","volume":"215","author":"Duval JM","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_6_704","first-page":"533","volume":"27","author":"Elkins AD","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_7_705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-32-3-247","volume":"32","author":"Chauvet AE","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_8_706","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2002.221.1426"},{"key":"p_9_707","first-page":"456","volume":"183","author":"Slocum B","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_10_708","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(93)50082-7","volume":"23","author":"Slocum B","year":"1993","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"p_11_709","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2002.31041"},{"key":"p_12_710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2001.tb02487.x","volume":"42","author":"Selmi Al JG","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"p_13_711","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.111.13.295","volume":"111","author":"Read A","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_14_712","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imran A, O'Connor JJ. 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