{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T21:10:22Z","timestamp":1775769022644,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:bold>\n \u2014To determine whether there is a relationship\nbetween species-specific mitochondrial DNA\n(mtDNA), especially canine and feline mtDNA, and\ndetectable amounts of pentobarbital in previously\nanalyzed dog food samples.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\n \u201431 dog food samples previously\nanalyzed for pentobarbital (limit of detection, 1 \u00b5g\/kg).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n \u2014Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis\nwas performed on dog food samples by use of\nPCR primers specific for either canine, feline, equine,\nbovine, porcine, ovine, or poultry mtDNA.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results<\/jats:bold>\n \u2014PCR amplicons specific for feline or canine\nmtDNA at a 0.007% (70 \u00b5g\/g [wt\/wt basis]) or\n0.0007% (7 \u00b5g\/g) level, respectively, were not found\nin the 31 dog food samples. Most of the 31 dog food\nsamples had a PCR amplicon on PCR analysis when a\nPCR primer set capable of simultaneously detecting\nmtDNA of cows, pigs, sheep, goats, deer, elk, and\nhorses was used. Results of PCR analysis by use of\nprimers specific for bovine, swine, sheep and goat, or\nhorse mtDNA revealed amplicons specific for bovine\nor swine mtDNA only in 27 of the 31 samples.\nAnalysis of the remaining 4 samples failed to yield\namplicons for any mammalian mtDNA. Pentobarbital\nwas detected in 2 of these 4 samples. Results of PCR\nanalysis correlated with the stated ingredient list for\nmost, but not all samples.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n \u2014Because\ncanine and feline mtDNA were not found in a set of\nretail dog food samples, these results indicate that\nthe source of pentobarbital in dog food is something\nother than proteins from rendered pet remains. (\n Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic>\n 2004;65:99\u2013103)\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2004.65.99","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T09:57:49Z","timestamp":1135159069000},"page":"99-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Development of a polymerase chain reactionbased method to identify species-specific components in dog food"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Myers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothy E.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haile F.","family":"Yancy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_432","unstructured":"Budavari S, ed. 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