{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T06:52:28Z","timestamp":1760079148323,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To express a cecropin B transgene on\nbovine nasal mucosa and determine the effect on\n<jats:italic>Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:italic> serotype 1 (S1) colonization.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201427 crossbred beef calves.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014The antibacterial efficacy of cecropin B\nagainst <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> S1 was first determined by\nmeasuring its minimum inhibitory concentration\n(MIC). The peptide was also diluted in pooled bovine\nnasal secretions, and its antibacterial activity was\nevaluated. The nasal passages of 16 calves were\naerosolized with 25, 50, or 100 \u00b5g of plasmid\nDNA\/nostril, whereas 11 control calves were\naerosolized with only the transfection reagent. In 2 of\nthe experiments, 12 treated and 8 control calves were\nexposed intranasally with an aerosol of <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic>\nS1. Nasal swab specimens and secretions were\ncollected and analyzed by use of polymerase chain\nreaction (PCR), real-time PCR, real-time reverse-transcriptase\nPCR, ELISA, and bacterial culture.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014In vitro, cecropin B inhibited <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic>\nS1 at an MIC of 2 \u00b5g\/mL and its antibacterial activity\nwas not affected by proteolytic activity in nasal secretions.\nCecropin B transgene expression was detected\nin calves transfected with 50 or 100 \u00b5g of DNA\/nostril.\nAntibacterial activity against <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> S1\nwas observed in all calves transfected with 100 \u00b5g of\nDNA\/nostril but in only 2 of the 4 calves transfected\nwith 50 \u00b5g of DNA\/nostril.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In vitro,\ncecropin B has an effective antibacterial activity\nagainst <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> S1 and can prevent colonization\nof the nasal mucosa after transfection of a vector\nexpressing cecropin B in vivo. 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