{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T14:14:05Z","timestamp":1783952045846,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To document changes in glucose, lactate,\nand pyruvate concentrations in dogs with severe or\ncomplicated babesiosis; assess relationships among\nglucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations in those\ndogs; and compare clinical and laboratory variables in\ndogs with and without hypoglycemia and hyperlactatemia.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201420 dogs with naturally developing severe\nor complicated babesiosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Samples and measurements were\nobtained before treatment was initiated. Babesiosis\nwas diagnosed by examination of blood smears.\nArterial blood pressure measurement, parasite quantification,\nCBC count, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis,\nvenous blood gas analysis, and acid-base\ndetermination were performed. Glucose, lactate, and\npyruvate concentrations were measured in samples\nof venous blood.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014We detected a significant negative correlation\nbetween glucose and lactate concentrations.\nGlucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations all differed\nsignificantly between dogs that died and those\nthat survived. Three of 5 dogs that died had concurrent\nhypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, and hyperpyruvatemia.\nHypoglycemic dogs differed significantly\nfrom normoglycemic dogs with regard to lactate,\nurea, and bicarbonate concentrations; lactate-to-pyruvate\nratio; percentage parasitemia; and PCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Dogs\nwith hyperlactatemia differed significantly from normolactatemic\ndogs with regard to clinical collapse;\nalanine transaminase activity; concentrations of bilirubin,\nurea, creatinine, and bicarbonate; percentage parasitemia;\nand PCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Abnormal carbohydrate\nmetabolism is commonly evident in dogs\nwith severe or complicated babesiosis and is often\nassociated with changes in other clinical and laboratory\nvariables. Significant differences were found\nbetween survivors and nonsurvivors. Hypoglycemia\nshould be assessed and aggressively treated in dogs\nwith babesiosis. Lactate concentration can be used\nas an indicator of disease severity. 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