{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:36:00Z","timestamp":1790422560870,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To determine incidence, risk factors, and\nheritability estimates of hind limb lameness caused\nby hip dysplasia in a birth cohort of Boxers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u20141,733 Boxers from 325 litters.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Status of Boxers with respect to clinical\nsigns of canine hip dysplasia (cCHD) was registered\nduring an 8-year period. Survival analysis accounted\nfor dogs lost to follow-up. Effective heritability for\ndeveloping cCHD was estimated by use of a proportional\nhazard model on the basis of the Weibull distribution.\nParametric survival models were developed to\nidentify the influence of potential risk factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Cumulative hazard rate for cCHD from 7\nweeks to 8 years of age was 8.5%. Dogs that were\nkept on a floor covered with a slippery material were\n1.6 times as likely to develop cCHD, compared with\ndogs kept on a nonslippery floor. Risk of cCHD doubled\nin dogs from litters with a high preweaning mortality\nrate. Dogs that were neutered at 6 months prior\nto a diagnosis of CHD were 1.5 times as likely to\ndevelop cCHD, compared with sexually intact dogs.\nDogs &gt; 5 years of age were 1.8 times as likely to\ndevelop cCHD, compared with younger dogs.\nEstimated effective heritability of cCHD was 0.11. In\nterms of the risk of cCHD in progeny, mean estimated\nbreeding value (EBV) of the 10 best and 10 worst\nsires was \u20130.32 and 0.42, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Registration\nof Boxers that develop cCHD may provide a strategy\nfor disease prevention. In addition to diagnostic evaluation\nof radiographs, sire EBVs provide useful information\nfor breeding selection decisions. (\n                    <jats:italic>Am J Vet\nRes<\/jats:italic>\n                    2005;66:307\u2013312)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T22:29:02Z","timestamp":1135204142000},"page":"307-312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Incidence, risk factors, and heritability estimates of hind limb lameness caused by hip dysplasia in a birth cohort of Boxers"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Marjan A. 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