{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:21:27Z","timestamp":1770218487040,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To compare concentrations of\ndanofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin in plasma\nand respiratory tissues of calves treated after challenge\nwith <jats:italic>Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201475 calves.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u201424 hours after challenge with\n<jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic>, 72 calves with clinical signs of respiratory\ntract disease were randomly assigned to 1\nof 12 equal treatment groups. Three nonchallenged,\nnontreated calves formed a control group.\nChallenged calves were treated with danofloxacin\n(6 and 8 mg\/kg, SC) and enrofloxacin (8 mg\/kg, SC)\nonce. At 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after treatment, 6\ncalves from each treatment group were euthanatized.\nAntimicrobial drug concentrations were\nassayed in various specimens. Peak plasma concentration\n(C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>)-to-minimum inhibitory concentration\n(MIC; C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>-to-MIC) ratios and the area under\nthe concentration versus time curve over a 12-hour\nperiod-to-MIC ratios (AUC<jats:sub>12h<\/jats:sub>-to-MIC) were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Danofloxacin and enrofloxacin had MICs of\n0.03 \u00b5g\/mL for the <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> challenge isolate.\nDanofloxacin administered at doses of 6 and 8 mg\/kg\nresulted in numerically higher geometric mean concentrations\nof danofloxacin in plasma and all respiratory\ntissues than geometric mean concentrations of\nenrofloxacin after treatment with enrofloxacin.\nGeometric mean concentrations of enrofloxacin were\nnumerically higher than geometric mean concentrations\nof ciprofloxacin metabolite in plasma and almost\nall respiratory tissues. Danofloxacin and enrofloxacin\nachieved C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>-to-MIC ratios &gt; 10 and AUC<jats:sub>12h<\/jats:sub>-to-MIC\nratios &gt; 125 hours.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014 When used\nto treat pneumonic pasteurellosis in calves,\ndanofloxacin and enrofloxacin can be expected to\ndeliver concentration-dependent bactericidal activity\nagainst <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic>, the bacteria most commonly\nassociated with bovine respiratory tract disease.\n(<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2005;66:342\u2013349)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,22]],"date-time":"2005-12-22T03:29:02Z","timestamp":1135222142000},"page":"342-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Comparison of pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and enrofloxacin in calves challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Terry N.","family":"TerHune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terry L.","family":"Skogerboe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerie K.","family":"Shostrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Weigel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_847","first-page":"173","volume":"80","author":"Vancutsem PM","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"key":"p_2_848","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1991.tb00854.x","volume":"14","author":"Giles CJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"p_3_849","first-page":"1491","volume":"14","author":"Orsini JA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"p_4_850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.07.1122","volume":"54","author":"Friis C","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_5_851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.06.937","volume":"54","author":"Apley MD","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_6_852","unstructured":"Hamm M, Wollen T, Davidson J, etal Clinical evaluation of enrofloxacin given as a single dose for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease, in Proceedings. 19th World Buiatrics Cong 1996; 58-60."},{"key":"p_7_853","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1996.tb00001.x","volume":"19","author":"Brown SA","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"p_8_854","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.9.2037","volume":"41","author":"Hannan PC","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"p_9_855","first-page":"105","volume":"65","author":"Thomson PN","year":"1998","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_10_856","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.52.52","volume":"52","author":"Norcia LJL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Antibiot"},{"key":"p_11_857","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.123.8.205","volume":"123","author":"Lekeux P","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_12_858","first-page":"225","volume":"46","author":"Yates WD","year":"1982","journal-title":"Can J Comp Med"},{"key":"p_13_859","unstructured":"Madsen EB, Krogh HV, Ronsholt L, etal Microbiological findings in nasal and lower respiratory tract samples of diseased calves, in Proceedings. 15th World Buiatrics Cong 1988;642-647."},{"key":"p_14_860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1992.tb00980.x","volume":"6","author":"Whiteley LO","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"p_15_861","first-page":"1308","volume":"193","author":"Confer AW","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_16_862","first-page":"369","author":"Confer AW","year":"1999","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_17_863","unstructured":"Walker RD. Fluoroquinolones. In: Prescott JF, Baggot JD, Walker RD, eds. Antimicrobial therapy in veterinary medicine. 3rd ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 2000;315-338."},{"key":"p_18_864","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(03)00005-5"},{"key":"p_19_865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.06.1022","volume":"53","author":"Mann DD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_20_866","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.8.1988","volume":"43","author":"McKellar Q","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"p_21_867","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.3013-3019.2002"},{"key":"p_22_868","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30051-7","volume":"79","author":"Nicolau DP","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"p_23_869","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1995.56.09.1219","volume":"56","author":"Meinen JB","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_24_870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00142-4"},{"key":"p_25_871","unstructured":"Highland R, Copeland D, Davidson J, etal Dose determination and clinical evaluation of the efficacy of enrofloxacin injectable solution in the treatment of bovine respiratory disease, in Proceedings. 18th World Buiatrics Cong 1994;627-630."},{"key":"p_26_872","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol33no1p56-59","volume":"33","author":"Hamm M","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bovine Pract"},{"key":"p_27_873","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1995.tb00604.x","volume":"18","author":"Kaartinen L","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"p_28_874","unstructured":"Friis C. Role of pharmacokinetics and phamacodynamics in the outcome of infections, in Proceedings. 16th Int Pig Vet Soc Cong 2000;82-84."},{"key":"p_29_875","unstructured":"NCCLS. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals. Approved standard, NCCLS Document M31-A. Wayne, Pa: NCCLS, 1999."},{"key":"p_30_876","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(02)00039-5"},{"key":"p_31_877","first-page":"2429","volume":"46","author":"Walker RD","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_32_878","unstructured":"A180 sterile antimicrobial injectable solution. Freedom of information summary, NADA 141-207, Approved Sep 20, 2002."},{"key":"p_33_879","first-page":"22","volume":"20","author":"Stegemann M","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"p_34_880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.21.18.302S.33905"},{"key":"p_35_881","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.20.5.417.35062"},{"key":"p_36_882","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00029-8"},{"key":"p_37_883","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.7.1054","volume":"31","author":"Blaser J","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"p_38_884","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1086\/514623","volume":"27","author":"Lode H","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"p_39_885","first-page":"259","author":"Schentag JJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"DC: American Society of Microbiology"},{"key":"p_40_886","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00020-1"},{"key":"p_41_887","unstructured":"Baytril 100 injectable solution. Freedom of information summary, NADA 141-068, Approved Jul 24, 1998."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/66\/2\/ajvr.2005.66.342.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/66\/2\/ajvr.2005.66.342.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/66\/2\/ajvr.2005.66.342.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:09:31Z","timestamp":1741349371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/66\/2\/ajvr.2005.66.342.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.342","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]}}}