{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1775769005934,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To determine whether disruption of adenine\ntriphosphate (ATP) regeneration and subsequent\nadenine nucleotide degradation are potential mechanisms\nfor rhabdomyolysis in horses with polysaccharide\nstorage myopathy (PSSM) performing submaximal\nexercise.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u20147 horses with PSSM and 4 control horses.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Horses with PSSM performed 2-minute\nintervals of a walk and trot exercise on a treadmill until\nmuscle cramping developed. Control horses exercised\nsimilarly for 20 minutes. Serum creatine kinase (CK)\nactivity was measured 4 hours after exercise. Citrate\nsynthase (CS), 3-OH-acylCoA dehydrogenase, and lactate\ndehydrogenase activities prior to exercise and glucose-\n6-phosphate (G-6-P) and lactate concentrations\nbefore and after exercise were measured in gluteal\nmuscle specimens. Adenine triphosphate, diphosphate\n(ADP), monophosphate (AMP), and inosine\nmonophosphate (IMP) concentrations were measured\nbefore and after exercise in whole muscle, single muscle\nfibers, and pooled single muscle fibers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Serum CK activity ranged from 255 to\n22,265 U\/L in horses with PSSM and 133 to 278 U\/L\nin control horses. Muscle CS activity was lower in\nhorses with PSSM, compared with control horses.\nMuscle G-6-P, lactate, ATP, ADP, and AMP concentrations\nin whole muscle did not change with exercise in\nany horses. Concentration of IMP increased with\nexercise in whole muscle, pooled muscle fibers, and\nsingle muscle fibers in horses with PSSM. Large variations\nin ATP and IMP concentrations were observed\nwithin single muscle fibers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Increased IMP\nconcentration without depletion of ATP in individual\nmuscle fibers of horses with PSSM during submaximal\nexercise indicates an energy imbalance that may contribute\nto the development of exercise intolerance and\nrhabdomyolysis. 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