{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:43:31Z","timestamp":1791593011759,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate photobiomodulation therapy in dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>20 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Forty joints were assigned to a control group (CG; n = 20) or treatment group (photobiomodulation therapy [PBMT]; 20). CG received a 21-day course of meloxicam, and PBMT received treatment with a Class IV therapeutic laser over 3 weeks. Joint range of motion, thigh girth, the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (divided into pain interference score [PIS] and pain severity score [PSS]), Hudson Visual Analogue Scale, Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs, and Canine Orthopedic Index (COI; divided into function, gait, stiffness, and quality of life) were evaluated before treatment, +8, +15, +30, +60, and +90 days after initial treatment. Results were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA or Wilcoxon signed ranks test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05. Kaplan-Meier estimators were compared with the Breslow test.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Patients had a mean age of 8.3 \u00b1 1.9 years and body weight of 65.7 \u00b1 12.1lb. Osteoarthritis was classified as moderate (n = 26) and severe (14). No differences were found at time 0. Better results were observed in PBMT at +8 days (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01 for PSS, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04 for function and COI), +15 days (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01 for PSS and function, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 for PIS and function, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 for COI and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04 for Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs [LOAD]) and +30 days (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01 for function and gait, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02 for COI, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04 for PIS, PSS, and LOAD). Joint range of motion improved in PBMT from +15 to 90 days. Kaplan-Meier estimators showed that PBMT produced longer periods with better results.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>PBMT reduced pain levels and improved clinical findings in dogs with hip osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.22.03.0036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T12:46:51Z","timestamp":1656074811000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A randomized double-blinded controlled trial on the effects of photobiomodulation therapy in dogs with osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Avan\u00e7ada, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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