{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T19:29:32Z","timestamp":1746300572628},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine the following: (1) whether an irrigation solution that is hyperosmolar (HYPER) relative to synovial fluid decreases tissue extravasation during an arthroscopic protocol when compared to a relatively hypoosmolar solution, (2) the safety of a HYPER solution based on viability of joint tissues following joint irrigation, and (3) if the use of a HYPER solution decreases water content in stifle joint tissue.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>8 adult horses.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A prospective, blinded, randomized controlled trial was performed to compare lactated Ringer\u2019s solution (LRS; 273 mOsm\/L) and a HYPER (600 mOsm\/L) irrigation solution for routine medial femorotibial joint (MFTJ) arthroscopy. Primary outcomes included quantification of periarticular fluid retention based on measured changes in defined stifle joint girth and ultrasonographic (US) criteria. Water content of tissue samples was assessed. The viability of articular cartilage was determined using a microscopic fluorescent cell viability staining system.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>No significant difference in postprocedural joint swelling was observed between LRS and HYPER treatment groups. Percent increments in femorotibial joint dimensions (mean \u00b1 SD) were seen in both treatment groups based on US (LRS, 83.9 \u00b1 84.6%; HYPER, 131.2 \u00b1 144.9%) and caliper measurements (LRS 5.5 \u00b1 4.3%; HYPER 7.5 \u00b1 5.8%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 .05). Chondrocyte viability and tissue water content were maintained in both treatment groups, and differences were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Doubling the osmolarity of an irrigation solution used routinely for arthroscopy does not result in detrimental effects on chondrocyte viability or tissue water content. However, use of a relatively HYPER irrigation solution did not attenuate procedural tissue swelling of the equine stifle joint.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.22.04.0074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T19:39:34Z","timestamp":1660851574000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The use of a hyperosmolar irrigation solution is safe in an equine stifle joint model but does not reduce joint swelling"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Lyndsey R.","family":"Hayden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Stoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan J.","family":"McCracken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Diagnostic and Surgical Arthroscopy in the Horse","first-page":"28","article-title":"Chapter 3\u2013general technique and diagnostic arthroscopy","year":"2015","unstructured":"McIlwraith CW, Nixon AJ, Wright IM. 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