{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:30:56Z","timestamp":1791639056886,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The objective of this study was to follow long-term changes in the concentration of thyroid hormones in dogs with subclinical thyroiditis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>SAMPLES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Samples were obtained from 125 dogs with subclinical thyroiditis. The study population included 70 female and 55 male dogs. The mean testing interval was 3.9 years from initial testing (SD, 2.3 years; range, 1 to 9 years).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Dogs with subclinical thyroiditis were identified retrospectively using results from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals Canine Thyroid Profile performed by the Endocrinology Section of the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. Owners were invited to submit follow-up serum samples with their veterinarian along with a medical history form, including subsequent treatments.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>At the time of retesting, 30% of the dogs had progressed to hypothyroidism and\/or were treated with thyroxine. Fifty percent maintained positive or equivocal thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAA) results while remaining euthyroid. Fourteen percent of the dogs became TgAA negative and remained euthyroid. In 6% of the cases tested, proper medical histories were not available, and a final classification could not be determined.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These results indicate that most dogs with elevated thyroglobulin autoantibodies either exhibit persistent autoimmune thyroiditis with continued risk of hypothyroidism or progress to hypothyroidism when monitored for more than 1 year. Thyroid function in dogs with subclinical thyroiditis should be monitored every 12 months or if there is change in the clinical presentation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.23.08.0190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T12:11:31Z","timestamp":1714651891000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes in thyroid hormone concentrations over time in dogs with autoimmune thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Rebecca J.","family":"Egbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puja","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Services Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent R.","family":"Refsal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret G.","family":"Petroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation and Microbiology, Immunology & Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian K.","family":"Petroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Endotext","article-title":"Chapter 2: thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion","author":"Minot F","year":"2000","unstructured":"Minot F, Dupuy C, Dumont J, Rousset B. Chapter 2: thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. In: De Groot LJ, Beck-Peccoz P, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, et al, eds. Endotext. M.DText.com, Inc; 2000."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"Canine and Feline Endocrinology","first-page":"77","article-title":"Hypothyroidism","author":"Feldman EC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feldman EC, Nelson RW, Reusch CE, Scott-Moncrieff C. Hypothyroidism. In: Canine and Feline Endocrinology. Elsevier; 2015:77\u2013135."},{"issue":"3","key":"B3","series-title":"N Z Vet J","first-page":"105","article-title":"Canine hypothyroidism: a review of aetiology and diagnosis","volume":"59","author":"Mooney CT","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mooney CT. Canine hypothyroidism: a review of aetiology and diagnosis. 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