{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T18:10:23Z","timestamp":1727806223555},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate selected gastrointestinal side effects of high-concentration buprenorphine (HCB) in healthy rabbits.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>10 healthy New Zealand White rabbits ranging in body weight between 3.0 and 3.8 kg.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eight, 6-month-old, New Zealand White rabbits received a single injection of HCB SC (0.24 mg\/kg). The rabbits were previously randomized to receive SC and oral saline as a control. Two rabbits received saline for the purpose of blinding the outcome assessors. Food and water consumption, fecal and urine production, and fecal pellet number were recorded for all rabbits before HCB administration and the 3 days postinjection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A clinically and statistically significant decrease in food and water consumption was observed in rabbits receiving an injection of HCB, compared to rabbits receiving saline. In the 24 hours after injection, HCB-treated rabbits consumed a median of 17 g of food (range, 0 to 82 g), while saline-treated rabbits consumed 122 g of food (31 to 181 g). Rabbits receiving HCB injections also produced significantly less feces both in terms of pellet numbers and overall quantity, along with decreased urine production.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A single administration of HCB has a clinically significant impact on multiple physiological functions in healthy rabbits. Administration of this drug could potentially worsen clinical signs of anorexia and decrease defecation in healthy rabbits. The effects of HCB on diseased or painful rabbits are not yet known.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.23.10.0230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T13:24:31Z","timestamp":1706793871000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A single injection of high-concentration buprenorphine significantly reduces food and water intake as well as fecal and urine production in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Gronsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Di Girolamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Maranville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debosree","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Womble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Hanzlicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara A.","family":"Sypniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet","first-page":"661","article-title":"Buprenorphine","volume":"44","author":"Elkader A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Elkader A, Sproule B. Buprenorphine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44:661\u2013680. doi:10.2165\/00003088-200544070-00001"},{"issue":"6","key":"B2","series-title":"J Veterinary Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"391","article-title":"Morphine, pethidine and buprenorphine disposition in the cat","volume":"24","author":"Taylor PM","year":"2001","unstructured":"Taylor PM, Robertson SA, Dixon MJ, et al. Morphine, pethidine and buprenorphine disposition in the cat. J Veterinary Pharmacol Ther. 2001;24(6):391\u2013398. doi:10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2001.368goblin.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"B3","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg","first-page":"247","article-title":"A prospective multi-centre clinical trial to compare buprenorphine and butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in cats","volume":"12","author":"Taylor PM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taylor PM, Kirby JJ, Robinson C, et al. A prospective multi-centre clinical trial to compare buprenorphine and butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2010;12(4):247\u2013255. doi:10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.09.004"},{"issue":"6","key":"B4","series-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc","first-page":"507","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of buprenorphine, oxymorphone hydrochloride, and ketoprofen for postoperative analgesia after onychectomy or onychectomy and sterilization in cats","volume":"38","author":"Dobbins, S","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dobbins, S, Brown NO, Shofer FS. Comparison of the effects of buprenorphine, oxymorphone hydrochloride, and ketoprofen for postoperative analgesia after onychectomy or onychectomy and sterilization in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002;38(6):507\u2013514. doi:10.5326\/0380507"},{"issue":"2","key":"B5","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"195","article-title":"Evaluation of the perioperative analgesic efficacy of buprenorphine, compared with butorphanol, in cats","volume":"245","author":"Warne LN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Warne LN, Beths T, Holm M, Carter JE, Bauquier SH. Evaluation of the perioperative analgesic efficacy of buprenorphine, compared with butorphanol, in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014;245(2):195\u2013202. doi:10.2460\/javma.245.2.195"},{"issue":"4","key":"B6","series-title":"J Veterinary Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"284","article-title":"A comparison of preoperative morphine and buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia for arthrotomy in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Brodbelt D","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brodbelt D, Taylor P, Stanway G. A comparison of preoperative morphine and buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia for arthrotomy in dogs. J Veterinary Pharmacol Ther. 1997;20(4):284\u2013289. doi:10.1046\/j.1365-2885.1997.00060.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"B7","series-title":"Vet Anesth Analg","first-page":"297","article-title":"Sedative and analgesic effects of buprenorphine, combined with either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine, for premedication prior to elective surgery in cats and dogs","volume":"40","author":"Hunt JR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hunt JR, Grint NJ, Taylor PM, et al. Sedative and analgesic effects of buprenorphine, combined with either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine, for premedication prior to elective surgery in cats and dogs. Vet Anesth Analg. 2013;40(3):297\u2013307. doi: 10.1111\/vaa.12003"},{"key":"B8","series-title":"Vet Clin Exot Anim","first-page":"93","article-title":"Rabbit analgesia","volume":"14","author":"Barter LS","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barter LS. Rabbit analgesia. Vet Clin Exot Anim. 2011;14:93\u2013104. doi:10.1016\/j.cvex.2010.09.003"},{"issue":"5","key":"B9","series-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim","first-page":"571","article-title":"Effects of multimodal analgesia with low-dose buprenorphine and meloxicam on fecal glucocorticoid metabolites after surgery in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","volume":"52","author":"Goldschlager GB","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goldschlager GB, Gillespie VL, Palme R, Baxter MG. Effects of multimodal analgesia with low-dose buprenorphine and meloxicam on fecal glucocorticoid metabolites after surgery in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim. 2013;52(5):571\u2013576."},{"issue":"3","key":"B10","series-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim","first-page":"279","article-title":"Comparison of side effects between buprenorphine and meloxicam used postoperatively in Dutch belted rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","volume":"48","author":"Cooper CS","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cooper CS, Metcalf-Pate KA, Barat CE, Cook JA, Scorpio DG. Comparison of side effects between buprenorphine and meloxicam used postoperatively in Dutch belted rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Am Assoc Lab Anim. 2009;48(3):279\u2013285."},{"issue":"12","key":"B11","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"1359","article-title":"Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine and buprenorphine on gastrointestinal tract motility and signs of pain in New Zealand White rabbits after ovariohysterectomy","volume":"78","author":"Schnellbacher RW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schnellbacher RW, Divers SJ, Comolli JR, et al. Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine and buprenorphine on gastrointestinal tract motility and signs of pain in New Zealand White rabbits after ovariohysterectomy. Am J Vet Res. 2017:78(12):1359\u20131371. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.78.12.1359"},{"issue":"2","key":"B12","series-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim","first-page":"155","article-title":"Effects of buprenorphine, methylnaltrexone, and their combination on gastrointestinal transit in healthy New Zealand White rabbits","volume":"56","author":"Martin-Flores M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martin-Flores M, Singh B, Walsh C, Brooks EP, Taylor L, Mitchell LM. Effects of buprenorphine, methylnaltrexone, and their combination on gastrointestinal transit in healthy New Zealand White rabbits. J Am Assoc Lab Anim. 2017;56(2):155\u2013159."},{"key":"B13","series-title":"Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna Onkol","first-page":"125","article-title":"The impact of opioid analgesics on the gastrointestinal tract function and the current management possibilities","volume":"2","author":"Leppert W","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leppert W. The impact of opioid analgesics on the gastrointestinal tract function and the current management possibilities. Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna Onkol 2012;2:125\u2013139. doi: 10.5114\/wo.2012.28792"},{"issue":"4","key":"B14","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0176443","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling after subcutaneous, intravenous and buccal administration of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine in conscious cats","volume":"12","author":"Doodnaught GM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Doodnaught GM, Monteiro BP, Benito J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling after subcutaneous, intravenous and buccal administration of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine in conscious cats. PLoS One. 2017;12(4):e0176443. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0176443"},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0230079","article-title":"The analgesic effects of buprenorphine (Vetergesic or Simbadol) in cats undergoing dental extractions: a randomized, blinded, clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Watanabe R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Watanabe R, Marcoux J, Evangelista MC, Dumais Y, Steagall PV. The analgesic effects of buprenorphine (Vetergesic or Simbadol) in cats undergoing dental extractions: a randomized, blinded, clinical trial. PLoS One. 2020;15(3):e0230079. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0230079"},{"issue":"5","key":"B16","series-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim","first-page":"546","article-title":"A comparison of buprenorphine, sustained release buprenorphine, and high concentration buprenorphine in male New Zealand White rabbits","volume":"59","author":"Andrews DD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrews DD, Fajt VR, Baker KC, Blair RV, Jones SH, Dobek GL. A comparison of buprenorphine, sustained release buprenorphine, and high concentration buprenorphine in male New Zealand White rabbits. J Am Assoc Lab Anim. 2020;59(5):546\u2013556. doi:10.30802\/aalas-jaalas-19-000132"},{"key":"B17","series-title":"J Exot Pet Med","first-page":"51","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, blood and urine profile effects, and injection site histopathology following three daily injections of subcutaneous high concentration buprenorphine in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","volume":"43","author":"Sypniewski LA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sypniewski LA, Knych H, Breshears M, et al. Pharmacokinetics, blood and urine profile effects, and injection site histopathology following three daily injections of subcutaneous high concentration buprenorphine in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Exot Pet Med. 2022;43:51\u201356. doi:10.1053\/j.jepm.2022.09.001"},{"key":"B18","article-title":"Effects of injectable analgesics on selected gastrointestinal physiologic parameters in rabbits","volume":"342","author":"Pathak D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pathak D, Di Girolamo N, Maranville R, et al. Effects of injectable analgesics on selected gastrointestinal physiologic parameters in rabbits. In: Proceedings of ExoticsCon. ExoticsCon; 2021:342."},{"key":"B19","article-title":"Effects of prokinetic and appetite stimulant drugs on selected gastrointestinal physiologic parameters in New Zealand white rabbits","volume":"186","author":"Maranville R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maranville R, Di Girolamo N, Pathak D, et al. Effects of prokinetic and appetite stimulant drugs on selected gastrointestinal physiologic parameters in New Zealand white rabbits. In: Proceedings of ExoticsCon. ExoticsCon; 2021:186."},{"key":"B20","series-title":"Eur J Pharmacol","first-page":"220","article-title":"Differences in the morphine-induced inhibition of small and large intestinal transit: involvement of central and peripheral \u03bc-opioid receptors in mice","volume":"771","author":"Matsumoto K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Matsumoto K, Umemoto H, Mori T, et al. Differences in the morphine-induced inhibition of small and large intestinal transit: involvement of central and peripheral \u03bc-opioid receptors in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016;771:220\u2013228. doi:10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.12.033"},{"key":"B21","series-title":"Gastrointest Pharmacol","first-page":"363","article-title":"Insights into the role of opioid receptors in the GI tract: experimental evidence and therapeutic relevance","volume":"239","author":"Galligan JJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galligan JJ, Sternini C. Insights into the role of opioid receptors in the GI tract: experimental evidence and therapeutic relevance. Gastrointest Pharmacol. 2017;239:363\u2013378. doi:10.1007\/164_2016_116."},{"issue":"6","key":"B22","series-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci","first-page":"2596","article-title":"Effects of epidural infusion of morphine combined with small-dose naloxone on gastrointestinal interstitial cells of Cajal in rabbits","volume":"23","author":"Yang H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang H, Luo H, Li YH. Effects of epidural infusion of morphine combined with small-dose naloxone on gastrointestinal interstitial cells of Cajal in rabbits. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019;23(6):2596\u20132610. doi:10.26355\/eurrev_201903_17409"},{"key":"B23","series-title":"J Gastroenterol","first-page":"24","article-title":"Physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of opioid receptors and their ligands in the gastrointestinal tract: current concepts and future perspectives","volume":"49","author":"Sobczak M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sobczak M, Sa\u0142aga M, Storr MA, Fichna J. Physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of opioid receptors and their ligands in the gastrointestinal tract: current concepts and future perspectives. J Gastroenterol. 2013;49:24\u201345. doi:10.1007\/s00535-013-0753-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"B24","series-title":"J Anesth Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"155","article-title":"Epidural morphine and buprenorphine for post operative analgesia. A comparative study","volume":"23","author":"Hakim A","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hakim A, Hashia AM, Shabir SA, et al. Epidural morphine and buprenorphine for post operative analgesia. A comparative study. J Anesth Clin Pharmacol. 2007;23(2):155\u2013158."},{"issue":"4","key":"B25","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"510","article-title":"Influence of a single dose of buprenorphine on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) gastrointestinal motility","volume":"45","author":"Deflers H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deflers H, Gandar F, Bolen G, Farnir F, Marlier D. Influence of a single dose of buprenorphine on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) gastrointestinal motility. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018;45(4):510\u2013519. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2018.01.011"},{"issue":"3","key":"B26","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract","first-page":"525","article-title":"Updates and advanced therapies for gastrointestinal stasis in rabbits","volume":"13","author":"Lichtenberger M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lichtenberger M, Lennox A. Updates and advanced therapies for gastrointestinal stasis in rabbits. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2010;13(3):525\u2013541. doi:10.1016\/j.cvex.2010.05.008"},{"key":"B27","series-title":"Br J Pharmacol","first-page":"547","article-title":"The animal pharmacology of buprenorphine, an oripavine analgesic agent","volume":"60","author":"Cowan A","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cowan A, Doxey JC, Harry EJR. The animal pharmacology of buprenorphine, an oripavine analgesic agent. Br J Pharmacol. 1977;60:547\u2013554. doi:10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1977.tb07533.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"B28","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"434","article-title":"The safety of high-dose buprenorphine administered subcutaneously in cats","volume":"38","author":"Sramek MK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sramek MK, Haas MC, Coleman GD, et al. The safety of high-dose buprenorphine administered subcutaneously in cats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2015;38(5):434\u2013442. doi:10.1111\/jvp.12203"},{"issue":"3","key":"B29","series-title":"Lab Anim","first-page":"180","article-title":"The effects of buprenorphine, Nalbuphine and butorphanol alone or following halothane anaesthesia on food and water consumption and locomotor movement in rats","volume":"26","author":"Liles JH","year":"1992","unstructured":"Liles JH, Flecknell PA. The effects of buprenorphine, Nalbuphine and butorphanol alone or following halothane anaesthesia on food and water consumption and locomotor movement in rats. Lab Anim. 1992;26(3):180\u2013189. doi:10.1258\/002367792780740558"},{"issue":"4","key":"B30","series-title":"Jpn J Pharmacol","first-page":"829","article-title":"Opposite effects of morphine on feeding and drinking in rats relative to administration time","author":"Kunihara M","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kunihara M, Kanbayashi M, Ohshima T. Opposite effects of morphine on feeding and drinking in rats relative to administration time. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1983;33(4):829\u2013835. doi:10.1016\/s0021-5198(19)52472-6"},{"issue":"9","key":"B31","series-title":"Neuropharmacology","first-page":"1445","article-title":"Buprenorphine has potent kappa opioid receptor antagonist activity","volume":"26","author":"Leander J","year":"1987","unstructured":"Leander J. Buprenorphine has potent kappa opioid receptor antagonist activity. Neuropharmacology. 1987;26(9):1445\u20131447. doi:10.1016\/0028-3908(87)90112-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"B32","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"757","article-title":"Opioid analgesics","volume":"30","author":"Pascoe PJ","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pascoe PJ. Opioid analgesics. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2000;30(4):757\u2013772. doi:10.1016\/S0195-5616(08)70005-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"B33","series-title":"Am J Emerg Med","article-title":"Acute urinary retention secondary to buprenorphine administration","volume":"32","author":"Edwards RT","year":"2014","unstructured":"Edwards RT, McCormick-Deaton C, Hosanagar A. Acute urinary retention secondary to buprenorphine administration. Am J Emerg Med. 2014;32(1). doi:10.1016\/j.ajem.2013.08.022"},{"issue":"2","key":"B34","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"456","article-title":"The urodynamic effects of intravenous opioids and ketoprofen in humans","volume":"87","author":"Malinovsky JM","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malinovsky JM, Le Normand L, Lepage JY, et al. The urodynamic effects of intravenous opioids and ketoprofen in humans. Anesth Analg. 1998;87(2):456\u2013461. doi:10.1213\/00000539-199808000-00042"},{"issue":"6","key":"B35","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"528","article-title":"Effects of morphine and fentanyl constant rate infusion on urine output in healthy and traumatized dogs","volume":"35","author":"Anderson MK","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anderson MK, Day TK. Effects of morphine and fentanyl constant rate infusion on urine output in healthy and traumatized dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2008;35(6):528\u2013536. doi:10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2008.00413.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"B36","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"666","article-title":"Results of preemptive epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine in dogs and cats undergoing surgery: 265 cases (1997\u20131999)","volume":"221","author":"Troncy E","year":"2002","unstructured":"Troncy E, Junot S, Keroack S, et al. Results of preemptive epidural administration of morphine with or without bupivacaine in dogs and cats undergoing surgery: 265 cases (1997\u20131999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002;221(5):666\u2013672. doi:10.2460\/javma.2002.221.666"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/85\/3\/ajvr.23.10.0230.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/85\/3\/ajvr.23.10.0230.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/85\/3\/ajvr.23.10.0230.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T17:28:51Z","timestamp":1727803731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/85\/3\/ajvr.23.10.0230.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.23.10.0230","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645","1943-5681"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9645"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1943-5681"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}}}