{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T18:10:27Z","timestamp":1727806227041},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Compare immune responses induced by 2 commercial intranasal (IN) modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines given individually or coadministered and evaluate prevention of infection and lung pathology following bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) challenge.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>36 male Holstein calves (ages, 5 to 12 days).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In a randomized complete block design, each calf received an IN injection of either vaccine diluent (Placebo), an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1; N3), bovine coronavirus vaccine (BC), or both N3 and BC (BC + N3) with a booster 4 weeks later. Nasal secretions and blood were collected weekly. Three weeks after the booster, the calves were challenged with BHV-1, sampled for virus shedding, and euthanized 10 days later to quantify lung pathology. The study period was September 7, 2020, to April 6, 2021.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Calves were seropositive for BHV-1 and BC before vaccination. No significant difference in BC-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the BC versus BC + N3 group or BHV-1\u2013specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the N3 versus BC + N3 group. Cytokine responses to BHV-1 and BC did not differ among groups. BHV-1 shedding after challenge was significantly reduced in N3 groups versus Placebo and BC. There was a significant reduction in lung pathology in the N3 + BC group versus Placebo.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study provides evidence an MLV vaccine containing BHV-1 and an MLV BC vaccine can be coadministered to neonatal calves without significantly altering immune responses to the 2 viruses or compromising the prevention of BHV-1 respiratory disease. Calves receiving the BC + N3 vaccine had a significant reduction in lung pathology after BHV-1 aerosol challenge.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.23.12.0281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T13:25:08Z","timestamp":1709904308000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["No vaccine interference between bovine coronavirus and bovine herpesvirus-1 in a randomized trial when coadministrating two intranasal modified-live viral vaccines to neonatal calves"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Bolton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Nordstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lowell","family":"Midla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthic","family":"Rajamanikam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Griebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"},{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Ann Paediatr","first-page":"241","article-title":"Immunization against measles: development and evaluation of a highly attenuated live measles vaccine","volume":"202","author":"Schwarz AJ","year":"1964","unstructured":"Schwarz AJ. 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