{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:21Z","timestamp":1779321621795,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate the dental abnormalities by visually assessing the labial and buccal photographs in dogs and cats and analyze their prevalence based on age and breed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>1,096 client-owned dogs and 775 client-owned cats.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data were collected from patients who visited 26 private veterinary clinics from January to December 2022. Each animal was evaluated through dental photographs taken from the labial and buccal sides. Correlations between the prevalence of the identified dental abnormalities and age, craniofacial type, and breed, were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Calculus, discoloration, epulis, fractured teeth, gingival recession, gingivitis, malocclusion, missing teeth, and persistent deciduous teeth could be identified by analyzing the dental photographs in both dogs and cats. Enamel defects in dogs and tooth resorption in cats could be identified. Brachycephalic dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of malocclusion (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.75) and missing teeth (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 2.71 to 4.91) compared to nonbrachycephalic dogs. Brachycephalic cats had a significantly higher prevalence of fractured teeth (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.24 to 3.04) and a lower prevalence of gingival recession (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.55) compared to nonbrachycephalic cats. Calculus, persistent deciduous teeth, and possibly gingivitis could be identified in dogs and cats by analyzing labial and buccal photographs. The assessment of some dental abnormalities such as fractured teeth, missing teeth, and tooth resorption can be limited without a complete dental examination under anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although the assessment of dental conditions may be underestimated, the data on the prevalence of the dental abnormalities evaluated through the photographs could be utilized for screening dental diseases.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.24.03.0085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T13:46:09Z","timestamp":1718891169000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Initial screening for dental abnormalities identified by labial and buccal photographs in dogs and cats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Yeonje","family":"Ryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1399-2860","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Se Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun A.","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIFORPET Corporation, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sungjun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIFORPET Corporation, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunghoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIFORPET Corporation, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyunjung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIFORPET Corporation, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4282-2884","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kangmoon","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"B1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1336","article-title":"Health status and population characteristics of dogs and cats examined at private veterinary practices in the United States","volume":"214","author":"Lund EM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lund EM, Armstrong PJ, Kirk CA, Kolar LM, Klausner JS. 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