{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T05:21:44Z","timestamp":1735708904078,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To compare the stability, ultimate strength, and isometry of 4 prosthetic ligament repairs for canine tarsal medial collateral ligament injury.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>24 cadaveric canine distal hind limbs with induced medial tarsal instability were randomly divided into 4 groups. Simulated medial shearing injury of the collateral and medial malleolus were repaired using 1 of 4 isometric suture techniques: bone tunnels with nylon suture (TN), ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) suture (TU), tibial bone anchor with nylon suture (AN), or talar bone anchor with UHMWPE suture (AU). Each repair was evaluated for medial stability before and after cyclic range of motion. 3 of 4 repair configurations allowed string potentiometer isometry data collection during cyclic range of motion. Each construct was subsequently tested to failure; the strength and failure mode were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All repair groups showed statistically increased laxity compared to intact ligament. There was no difference in joint laxity between repair techniques. Cyclic range-of-motion testing did not increase joint laxity at any tested joint angle. Strength to failure was no different between repair groups. Isometry was achieved in the TU and TN groups.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All 4 techniques improved medial stability compared to that medial collateral ligament injury; however, no technique returned stability to the tarsal of the intact ligament. All 4 techniques maintained stability after range-of-motion testing. Isometric placement of the prosthetic suture was achievable. The constructs did not provide sufficient resistance to physiologic valgus stress.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Isometric placement of a prosthetic ligament is possible; secondary stabilization appears necessary to support the repair postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.24.06.0165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T13:21:15Z","timestamp":1730121675000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biomechanical comparison of four isometric prosthetic ligament repair techniques for tarsal medial collateral ligament injury"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Sidney","family":"Chanutin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3886-6673","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CJ","family":"Travers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitchell S.","family":"Gillick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuzzypaws Mobile Surgery, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Colee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"B1","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"178","article-title":"Replacement of the collateral ligaments of the canine tarsocrural joint: a proposed technique","volume":"14","author":"Aron DN","year":"1985","unstructured":"Aron DN, Purinton PT. 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Short and long-term outcome following surgical stabilization of tarsocrural instability in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2016;29(2):142\u2013148. doi:10.3415\/VCOT-15-05-0083"},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal","first-page":"1019","volume":"1","author":"Carmichael S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carmichael S, Marchall W, Tarsus M. Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal. Vol. 1. In: Tobias K, Johnston S, eds. Elsevier; 2012:1019\u20131021."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"Brinker, Piermattei, and Flo's Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair","first-page":"610","article-title":"Injuries of tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges","author":"Piermattei D","year":"2006","unstructured":"Piermattei D, Flo G. Injuries of tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges. Brinker, Piermattei, and Flo's Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair. 4th ed. 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