{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:54:43Z","timestamp":1787025283905,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexamethasone is used to experimentally induce insulin resistance; however, its impact on insulin secretion is unclear. This study aimed to assess the responses to oral carbohydrate challenges in dexamethasone-treated horses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>8 healthy Standardbreds received 0.08 mg\/kg of dexamethasone IM every 48 hours for 14 days in June 2022 (winter in the Southern hemisphere). Oral glucose tests (OGT) were conducted before treatment (day 1) and on days 8 and 15. Glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total and active glucagon-like peptide-1 (tGLP-1 and aGLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were measured at baseline and at intervals up to 240 minutes after OGT. The results were analyzed using a mixed-effects linear regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 8 days of dexamethasone, significant increases in areas under the curve (AUC) of glucose (effect size, +139.1 [95% CI, 124.0 to 154.1] mg\/dL\u00b7min), insulin (+297.6 [95% CI, 214.6 to 380.8] \u00b5IU\/mL\u00b7min), triglycerides (+4,854.3 [95% CI, 2,181.3 to 7,527.3] mg\/dL\u00b7min), tGLP-1 (+2.58 [95% CI, 0.23 to 4.93] pmol\/L\u00b7min), and GIP (+65.56 [95% CI, 40.98 to 90.16] pg\/mL\u00b7min) were detected post-OGT. These effects were blunted by day 15, with glucose, insulin, and active glucagon-like peptide-1 AUC significantly lower than on day 8 and tGLP-1, triglycerides, and GIP AUC not different from day 1. No horse developed clinical laminitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexamethasone increased insulin secretion after an OGT with higher lipid mobilization and stimulation of the enteroinsular axis, but the effect was partially reversed by day 15.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While dexamethasone induces insulin resistance consistently over prolonged periods, its effect on insulin secretion seems transient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.24.12.0373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T13:50:00Z","timestamp":1739368200000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dexamethasone administration transiently increases insulin response to an oral carbohydrate challenge in horses"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2820-8431","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois-Ren\u00e9","family":"Bertin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, IN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"van Eps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demia J.","family":"de Tonnerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeneen C.","family":"Kulp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darko","family":"Stefanovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"B1","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"467","article-title":"Equine metabolic syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Frank N","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frank N, Geor RJ, Bailey SR, Durham AE, Johnson PJ. 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