{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T22:31:56Z","timestamp":1774477916627,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate oxidant-antioxidant status in hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) dogs at diagnosis and after trilostane (Adrestan).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study, conducted from June 2024 through March 2025, enrolled 25 dogs with HAC and 21 healthy control dogs. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analyzed before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 25 dogs with HAC (14 treated with trilostane, 1 mg\/kg, twice daily for 45 days) and 21 healthy controls. At baseline, HAC dogs had significantly elevated oxidative stress markers (MDA, 10.28 \u03bcmol\/L; TOS, 35.68 \u03bcmol H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      equivalent (Equiv)\/L; OSI, 4.60 arbitrary units (AU)) compared to controls, whereas SOD (44.77 U\/mL) and TAC (0.96 mmol\/L) remained similar. After trilostane treatment, oxidative stress significantly improved, including decreases in MDA (7.91 \u2192 4.28 \u03bcmol\/L), TOS (30.82 \u2192 17.85 \u03bcmol H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Equiv\/L), and OSI (3.61 \u2192 2.14 AU); increased SOD (46.25 \u2192 56.06 U\/mL nonsignificant); but no change in TAC (0.97 \u2192 0.94 mmol\/L).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrated elevated oxidative stress in HAC dogs that was effectively ameliorated by trilostane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study first provides comprehensive documentation of oxidative stress in dogs with HAC and its mitigation after trilostane treatment. Significant oxidative imbalance in canine HAC supports monitoring redox parameters as part of disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.25.06.0195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T12:59:06Z","timestamp":1759496346000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Canine Cushing syndrome elevates oxidative stress that is attenuated by trilostane"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanyue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Kastelic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Bejing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Vet J","first-page":"42","article-title":"Treating canine Cushing\u2019s syndrome: current options and future prospects","volume":"241","author":"Sanders K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sanders K, Kooistra HS, Galac S. 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