{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:47:08Z","timestamp":1775083628211,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe and quantify selected radiographic findings of rabbits diagnosed with liver lobe torsion (LLT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 50 rabbits with an antemortem diagnosis of LLT with radiographs made within 72 hours of diagnosis via ultrasound. Medical records from 2010 to 2020 from 4 institutions were reviewed. A board-certified radiologist reviewed the radiographs. Radiographic evaluation of gastric size was assessed on the right lateral view (caudal extent of the stomach relative to the lumbar vertebral column, gastric height and width, and vertebral stomach score), as well as gastric content patterns and radiographic signs of intestinal dilation and content, hepatic rounding, and loss of serosal detail. Loss of abdominal serosal detail was compared to the presence of peritoneal fluid on ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>35 of 50 rabbits (70%) had a gastric height and gastric width sum height greater than or equal to the length from the L1 cranial endplate to the coxofemoral joint. The median vertebral stomach score was 8.8. The gastric content was mostly ingesta. A rounded margin along the right hepatic silhouette in the ventrodorsal view was identified in 30 of 50 rabbits (60%). Peritoneal fluid was correctly identified radiographically in 37 studies (74%), not appreciated but present in 7 (14%), correctly identified as not present in 4 (8%), and incorrectly identified in 2 (4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiographic findings suggested that gastric dilation with ingesta, a rounded right hepatic silhouette, and peritoneal fluid, although not always present, are common in rabbits with LLT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification of these findings should prompt further diagnostic imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.25.10.0383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T13:24:54Z","timestamp":1769433894000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rabbits with liver lobe torsion commonly exhibit gastric dilation, a rounded right hepatic silhouette, and peritoneal fluid on radiographs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9726-8879","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelsey D.","family":"Brust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Sanchez-Migallon","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graham Veterinary Consulting LLC, Madison, AL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2249-0904","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olivia A.","family":"Petritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle G.","family":"Hawkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-8795","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"B1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"242","article-title":"Liver lobe torsion in dogs: 13 cases (1995\u20132004)","author":"Schwartz SGH","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwartz SGH, Mitchell SL, Keating JH, Chen DL. Liver lobe torsion in dogs: 13 cases (1995\u20132004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;228(2):242\u2013247. doi:10.2460\/javma.228.2.242"},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","series-title":"JFMS Open Rep","first-page":"1","article-title":"Acute liver lobe torsion in a kitten","author":"Tallaj KM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tallaj KM, Cortes Y, Gannon KM, Fettig AA. Acute liver lobe torsion in a kitten. JFMS Open Rep. 2021;7(1):1\u20135. doi:10.1177\/2055116921990295"},{"issue":"5","key":"B3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"615","article-title":"Liver lobe torsion in six horses","author":"Tennent-Brown BS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tennent-Brown BS, Mudge MC, Hardy J, Whelchel DD, Freeman DE, Fischer AT Jr. Liver lobe torsion in six horses. 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