{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:59:38Z","timestamp":1788242378322,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the dose-dependent effects of single dosing of dapagliflozin on pharmacodynamics, diuresis, and ketogenesis in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 5 healthy Beagles. A single dose of dapagliflozin (0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 mg\/kg) or placebo was orally administered (randomized 14-day intervals) to each dog. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to administration and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after administration. A urinary catheter was placed from 0 to 6 hours after administration to monitor urine volume and collect samples; thereafter, urine was collected using a metabolic cage. Plasma ketone bodies, sodium, potassium, chloride, and glucose concentrations were measured. Urinary sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, and urine volume were measured and compared among the treatment groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>24-hour urinary glucose excretion was significantly increased in the 0.3-mg\/kg group compared with the 0.1-mg\/kg group. However, no significant difference in 24-hour urinary glucose excretion was observed between the 0.3-and 1.0-mg\/kg groups. Plasma ketone body concentration was significantly higher in the 1.0-mg\/kg group compared with the placebo group at 4, 5, 6, 12, and 24 hours after administration. The 6-hour urine volume (mL\/kg) was significantly higher in the 1.0-mg\/kg group compared with the placebo group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In healthy dogs, a single oral administration of dapagliflozin at 1.0 mg\/kg induced both ketogenic and diuretic effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides preliminary insight into dapagliflozin\u2019s effects in healthy dogs; further studies are needed to assess relevance in dogs with heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.25.11.0390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T14:33:51Z","timestamp":1769524431000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of dose-dependent effects of dapagliflozin on urinary glucose and plasma ketone bodies in healthy dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0833-4131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mutsuki","family":"Umezawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4047-1803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kensuke","family":"Orito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Physiology II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yoshimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4238-4765","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoko","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"B1","series-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens","first-page":"463","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransport","author":"Poulsen SB","year":"2015","unstructured":"Poulsen SB, Fenton RA, Rieg T. 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