{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T21:56:34Z","timestamp":1788904594730,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Determine the acute effects of xylazine and detomidine on concentrations of selected growth factors, cytokines, and \u03b1\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -macroglobulin (A2M) in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous protein solution (APS) and the long-term effects of these sedatives on serum A2M. We hypothesized that sedative administration would decrease concentrations of all bioactive proteins in PRP and APS acutely and A2M in serum for 6 days following sedative administration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>6 horses were randomized to receive IV xylazine (200 mg) or detomidine (10 mg). Blood was collected before and 5 minutes after sedative administration for processing of PRP (Restigen PRP) and APS (Pro-Stride) and every 24 hours for 6 days. After a 2-week washout, horses were administered the other sedative, and blood was obtained in a crossover design. Platelet-rich plasma and APS were analyzed for concentrations of platelets, leukocytes, A2M, and selected growth factors and cytokines, and serum was analyzed for concentration of A2M.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The IL-8 concentration decreased in PRP after xylazine administration. There were no other differences in the composition of APS or PRP after either sedative. Serum A2M concentration was unchanged for 6 days following sedative administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravenous xylazine decreased the concentration of one proinflammatory cytokine in PRP, with no effects on the composition of APS. Detomidine did not alter the composition of PRP or APS. The A2M concentrations were unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Xylazine and detomidine do not alter the concentration of selected anti-inflammatory proteins in PRP and APS and are suitable for use 5 minutes before the collection of blood for processing at the doses administered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.26.02.0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T13:46:37Z","timestamp":1781099197000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Single-dose intravenous \u03b12-agonists do not acutely alter anti-inflammatory bioactive protein profiles but reduce interleukin-8 in equine autologous protein solution and platelet-rich plasma"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Kara A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luma N.F.","family":"Max","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Struble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata L.","family":"Linardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0398-2444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyla F.","family":"Ortved","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"B1","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"933","article-title":"In vitro effects of three equimolar concentrations of methylprednisolone acetate, triamcinolone acetonide, and isoflupredone acetate on equine articular tissue cocultures in an inflammatory environment","volume":"79","author":"Trahan RA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trahan RA, Byron CR, Dahlgren LA, Pleasant RS, Werre SR. 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