{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:15:01Z","timestamp":1788268501287,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether a presurgical aquapuncture intervention can reduce intraoperative bleeding during female dog ovariohysterectomy (OVH) procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Female dogs admitted for OVH procedure were enrolled and randomly assigned to group T (receiving vitamin B12 injections at the acupoint point GV-5), group SC (receiving vitamin B12 injections at GV-14, an acupoint without hemostatic indications), or group NC (receiving no B12 injections). Vitamin B12 injections (dose determined by weight) were given 15\u201330 minutes before the procedure, which was performed by a surgeon who was kept unaware of group assignments. At the conclusion of the surgery, the gauze used during the procedure was weighed immediately by an individual blinded to subject\u2019s treatment group to collect the bleeding data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 51 subjects were enrolled\u201415 in group T, 18 in group SC, and 18 in group NC. The mean (\u00b1 SD) weight-normalized blood loss in group T was 0.13 \u00b1 0.06 mL\/kg, in group SC was 0.28 \u00b1 0.16 mL\/kg, and in group NC was 0.34 \u00b1 0.22 mL\/kg, which suggested that group T had significantly less weight-normalized blood loss than the 2 control groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003 vs NC and SC groups, respectively). The NC and SC groups were not significantly different (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .999).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study concluded that aquapuncture with B12 at GV-5 can reduce intraoperative bleeding during the female dog OVH procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proposed aquapuncture intervention has the potential to prevent bleeding complications during surgery. It could also result in faster procedures and reduced swelling, inflammation, and pain at the surgical site as well as smaller incisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.26.03.0111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:14:20Z","timestamp":1780679660000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of aquapuncture in the reduction of intraoperative hemorrhage in canine ovariohysterectomy"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Tia","family":"Perry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spay Spa & Neuter Nook, Davidsonville, MD"},{"name":"Graduate Programs, Chi University, Reddick, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deng-Shan","family":"Shiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Programs, Chi University, Reddick, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"B1","series-title":"Vet Clin Small Anim Pract","first-page":"1023","article-title":"Complications of ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy in companion animals","volume":"41","author":"Adin CA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Adin CA. Complications of ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy in companion animals. Vet Clin Small Anim Pract. 2011;41(5):1023\u20131039. doi:10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.05.004"},{"issue":"3","key":"B2","series-title":"Vet Surg","first-page":"89","article-title":"Complications of elective ovariohystrectomies in the dog and cat at a teaching institution: clinical review of 853 cases","volume":"8","author":"Berson JL","year":"1979","unstructured":"Berson JL. Complications of elective ovariohystrectomies in the dog and cat at a teaching institution: clinical review of 853 cases. Vet Surg. 1979;8(3):89\u201391. doi:10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1979.tb00615.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"B3","series-title":"J Vet Med Educ","first-page":"184","article-title":"Canine ovariohysterectomy: a survey of surgeon concerns and surgical complications encountered by newly graduated veterinarians","volume":"43","author":"Blacklock KLB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blacklock KLB, Langer P, Halfacree Z et al. Canine ovariohysterectomy: a survey of surgeon concerns and surgical complications encountered by newly graduated veterinarians. J Vet Med Educ. 2016;43(2):184\u2013189. doi:10.3138\/jvme.0915-147R"},{"issue":"5","key":"B4","series-title":"Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere","first-page":"297","article-title":"Complications of ovariohysterectomy procedures performed in 1880 dogs","volume":"42","author":"Muraro L","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muraro L, White RS. Complications of ovariohysterectomy procedures performed in 1880 dogs. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2014;42(5):297\u2013302. doi:10.1055\/s-0038-1623776"},{"issue":"7","key":"B5","series-title":"Pharmacotherapy","first-page":"25","article-title":"Achieving hemostasis in the surgical field","volume":"29","author":"Boucher BA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boucher BA, Traub O. Achieving hemostasis in the surgical field. Pharmacotherapy. 2012;29(7):25\u201375. doi:10.1592\/phco.29.pt2.2S"},{"issue":"3","key":"B6","series-title":"Transfus Apher Sci","first-page":"305","article-title":"Topical hemostatic agents in surgical practice","volume":"45","author":"Emilia M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Emilia M, Luca S, Francesca B et al. Topical hemostatic agents in surgical practice. Transfus Apher Sci. 2011;45(3):305\u2013311. doi:10.1016\/j.transci.2011.10.013"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"B7","series-title":"Vascular","first-page":"22","article-title":"Management of surgical hemostasis: topical agents","volume":"16","author":"Sileshi B","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sileshi B, Achneck HE, Lawson JH. Management of surgical hemostasis: topical agents. 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Br J Anaesth. 2015;115(2):183\u2013193. doi:10.1093\/bja\/aev227"},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Clinician\u2019s Guide to Canine Acupuncture","first-page":"128","author":"Dewey CW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dewey CW, Xie H. Clinician\u2019s Guide to Canine Acupuncture. Chi Institute Press; 2018:128\u2013129."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Xie\u2019s Veterinary Acupuncture","author":"Xie H","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xie H, Preast V. Xie\u2019s Veterinary Acupuncture. Blackwell Publishing; 2010."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med","first-page":"627342","article-title":"Neuronal activity stimulated by liquid substrates injection as Zusanli (ST36) acupoint: the possible mechanism of aquapuncture","author":"Chen CY","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen CY, Lin CN, Chern RS, Tsai YC, Chang YH, Chien CH. Neuronal activity stimulated by liquid substrates injection as Zusanli (ST36) acupoint: the possible mechanism of aquapuncture. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:627342. doi:10.1155\/2014\/627342"},{"issue":"6","key":"B13","series-title":"Anat Rec","first-page":"257","article-title":"Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes","volume":"269","author":"Langevin HM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Langevin HM, Yandow JA. Relationship of acupuncture points and meridians to connective tissue planes. Anat Rec. 2002;269(6):257\u2013265. doi:10.1002\/ar.10185"},{"key":"B14","series-title":"Update on Ovariohysterectomy","author":"Shivley J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shivley J, Bushby P, Brookshire WC, Wookdruff K. Update on Ovariohysterectomy. Today\u2019s Veterinary Practice; 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"B15","series-title":"Philipp J Vet Anim Sci","first-page":"130","article-title":"Effects of conventional white needle acupuncture and aquapuncture on mastitis and milk production in dairy cows","volume":"39","author":"Daga JD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daga JD, Acorda JA, Rayos AA. Effects of conventional white needle acupuncture and aquapuncture on mastitis and milk production in dairy cows. Philipp J Vet Anim Sci. 2013;39(1):130\u2013140."},{"issue":"2","key":"B16","series-title":"Am J Trad Chin Vet Med","first-page":"7","article-title":"A randomized, blinded, controlled study on the effects of preoperative oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao for the mitigation of blood loss in dogs undergoing elective spay\/neuter surgeries","volume":"15","author":"Liu J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu J, Ma A. A randomized, blinded, controlled study on the effects of preoperative oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao for the mitigation of blood loss in dogs undergoing elective spay\/neuter surgeries. Am J Trad Chin Vet Med. 2020;15(2):7\u201316."},{"issue":"2","key":"B17","series-title":"Am J Trad Chin Vet Med","first-page":"23","article-title":"Preoperative oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao and its effect on coagulation parameters in tick-borne disease and\/or heartworm seropositive dogs: a pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Rodriguez AI","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodriguez AI, Shiau DS, Levinson K et al. Preoperative oral administration of Yunnan Baiyao and its effect on coagulation parameters in tick-borne disease and\/or heartworm seropositive dogs: a pilot study. Am J Trad Chin Vet Med. 2021;16(2):23\u201330. doi:10.59565\/001c.84097"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0111.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0111.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0111.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:25:38Z","timestamp":1788265538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0111.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.26.03.0111","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645","1943-5681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}}}