{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:14:58Z","timestamp":1788268498484,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine underlying infectious disease as bacterial, fungal, or viral in origin from longitudinal assessment of biochemistry and hematology in bottlenose dolphins (\n                      <jats:italic>Tursiops truncatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood samples, including up to 63 blood analytes, obtained from 1995 through 2025 from professional-care dolphins with 33 confirmed disease episodes (11 bacterial, 10 fungal, and 12 viral) were included in this retrospective, longitudinal, observational study. Random forest models were trained on 5 defined temporal phases of infection, selecting 34 blood analytes as key features in predicting the most underlying pathogen from routine blood results. Model parameters included the analyte\u2019s absolute value in addition to temporal slope (change in analyte over time), clinical ratios, and statistical aggregates to create a classification model to predict the most likely underlying pathogen from routine blood results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>860 blood samples were included from 31 dolphins. The model achieved 75.8% accuracy in pathogen classification (25 of 33 episodes), with disease-specific performance of 80% for fungal, 75% for viral, and 72.7% for bacterial. Temporal slope features, particularly eosinophil and total WBC count rate of change, were selected in 96.8% of validation folds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Temporal shifts in disease-specific biomarkers can provide superior diagnostic information compared to single-time-point measures or static threshold ranges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Personalized medicine involving longitudinal blood sample monitoring in marine mammals provides the opportunity to detect subtle shifts in blood analyte levels over time specific to that individual. This can be used to discriminate between underlying pathogens, identifying the likelihood of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.26.03.0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:01:47Z","timestamp":1781794907000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Machine learning discriminates bacterial, fungal, and viral infections using temporal blood analyte dynamics in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3027-5892","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ashley","family":"Barratclough","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-4198","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abby M.","family":"McClain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"444","article-title":"Health assessments of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): past, present, and potential conservation applications","author":"Barratclough A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barratclough A, Wells RS, Schwacke LH, et al. Health assessments of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): past, present, and potential conservation applications. Front Vet Sci. 2019;6:444. doi:103389\/fvets.2019.00444"},{"issue":"3","key":"B2","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"356","article-title":"Evaluation of population health among bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the United States Navy Marine Mammal Program","volume":"238","author":"Venn-Watson SK","year":"2011","unstructured":"Venn-Watson SK, Jensen ED, Ridgway SH. Evaluation of population health among bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the United States Navy Marine Mammal Program. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011;238(3):356\u2013360. doi:10.2460\/javma.238.3.356"},{"issue":"2","key":"B3","series-title":"Aquat Mamm","first-page":"182","article-title":"Hematology, serum chemistry, and cytology findings from apparently healthy Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting the estuarine waters of Charleston, South Carolina","volume":"32","author":"Fair PA","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fair PA, Hulsey TC, Varela RA, et al. Hematology, serum chemistry, and cytology findings from apparently healthy Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting the estuarine waters of Charleston, South Carolina. Aquat Mamm. 2006;32(2):182\u2013195. doi:10.1578\/AM.32.2.2006.182"},{"issue":"8","key":"B4","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"973","article-title":"Hematologic and serum biochemical reference intervals for free-ranging common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and variation in the distributions of clinicopathologic values related to geographic sampling site","volume":"70","author":"Schwacke LH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwacke LH, Hall AJ, Townsend FI, et al. Hematologic and serum biochemical reference intervals for free-ranging common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and variation in the distributions of clinicopathologic values related to geographic sampling site. Am J Vet Res. 2009;70(8):973\u2013985. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.70.8.973"},{"issue":"2","key":"B5","series-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol","first-page":"266","article-title":"Annual, seasonal and individual variation in hematology and clinical blood chemistry profiles in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Sarasota Bay, Florida","volume":"148","author":"Hall AJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hall AJ, Wells RS, Sweeney JC, et al. Annual, seasonal and individual variation in hematology and clinical blood chemistry profiles in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from Sarasota Bay, Florida. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2007;148(2):266\u2013277. doi:10.1016\/j.cbpa.2007.04.017"},{"issue":"2","key":"B6","series-title":"Vet Clin Pathol","first-page":"175","article-title":"Subject-based reference values: biological variation, individuality, and reference change values","volume":"41","author":"Walton RM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walton RM. Subject-based reference values: biological variation, individuality, and reference change values. Vet Clin Pathol. 2012;41(2):175\u2013181. doi:10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2012.00414.x"},{"issue":"8","key":"B7","series-title":"Heliyon","first-page":"e29372","article-title":"Differentiating viral and bacterial infections: a machine learning model based on routine blood test values","volume":"10","author":"Gun\u010dar G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gun\u010dar G, Kukar M, Smole T, et al. Differentiating viral and bacterial infections: a machine learning model based on routine blood test values. Heliyon 2024;10(8):e29372. doi:10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29372"},{"issue":"13","key":"B8","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1317","article-title":"Big data and machine learning in health care","volume":"319","author":"Beam AL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beam AL, Kohane IS. Big data and machine learning in health care. JAMA. 2018;319(13):1317\u20131318. doi:10.1001\/jama.2017.18391"},{"key":"B9","series-title":"NPJ Digit Med","first-page":"18","article-title":"Scalable and accurate deep learning with electronic health records","author":"Rajkomar A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajkomar A, Oren E, Chen K, et al. Scalable and accurate deep learning with electronic health records. NPJ Digit Med. 2018;1:18. doi:10.1038\/s41746-018-0029-1"},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Comput Biol Med","first-page":"105458","article-title":"Machine learning in medical applications: a review of state-of-the-art methods","author":"Shehab M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shehab M, Abualigah L, Shambour Q, et al. Machine learning in medical applications: a review of state-of-the-art methods. Comput Biol Med. 2022;145:105458. doi:10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2022.105458"},{"issue":"1","key":"B11","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"10738","article-title":"COVID-19 diagnosis by routine blood tests using machine learning","volume":"11","author":"Kukar M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kukar M, Gun\u010dar G, Vovko T, et al. COVID-19 diagnosis by routine blood tests using machine learning. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):10738. doi:10.1038\/s41598-021-90265-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"B12","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"9035","article-title":"Machine-learning based prediction of Cushing\u2019s syndrome in dogs attending UK primary-care veterinary practice","volume":"11","author":"Schofield I","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schofield I, Brodbelt DC, Kennedy N, et al. Machine-learning based prediction of Cushing\u2019s syndrome in dogs attending UK primary-care veterinary practice. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):9035. doi:10.1038\/s41598-021-88440-z"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"B13","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","first-page":"851","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in veterinary diagnostic imaging: a literature review","volume":"63","author":"Hennessey E","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hennessey E, DiFazio M, Hennessey R, Cassel N. Artificial intelligence in veterinary diagnostic imaging: a literature review. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2022;63(suppl 1):851\u2013870. doi:10.1111\/vru.13163"},{"issue":"1","key":"B14","series-title":"Vet Res","first-page":"101","article-title":"Infectious bursal disease virus: predicting viral pathotype using machine learning models focused on early changes in total blood cell counts","volume":"54","author":"Molinet A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Molinet A, Courtillon C, Bougeard S, et al. Infectious bursal disease virus: predicting viral pathotype using machine learning models focused on early changes in total blood cell counts. Vet Res. 2023;54(1):101. doi:10.1186\/s13567-023-01222-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"B15","series-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest","first-page":"612","article-title":"Use of machine-learning algorithms to aid in the early detection of leptospirosis in dogs","volume":"34","author":"Reagan KL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reagan KL, Deng S, Sheng J, et al. Use of machine-learning algorithms to aid in the early detection of leptospirosis in dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2022;34(4):612\u2013621. doi:10.1177\/10406387221096781"},{"issue":"12","key":"B16","series-title":"J Mar Sci Eng","first-page":"2158","article-title":"Dolphin health classifications from whistle features","volume":"12","author":"Jones B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jones B, Sportelli J, Karnowski J, McClain A, Carduso D, Du M. Dolphin health classifications from whistle features. J Mar Sci Eng. 2024;12(12):2158. doi:10.3390\/jmse12122158"},{"issue":"1","key":"B17","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"22899","article-title":"Leveraging machine learning to distinguish between bacterial and viral induced pharyngitis using hematological markers: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Jin Z","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jin Z, Ma F, Chen H, Guo S. Leveraging machine learning to distinguish between bacterial and viral induced pharyngitis using hematological markers: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):22899. doi:10.1038\/s41598-023-49925-1"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"B18","series-title":"Vet Res","first-page":"201","article-title":"Use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and mechanisms of resistance","volume":"32","author":"Schwarz S","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schwarz S, Chaslus-Dancla E. Use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and mechanisms of resistance. Vet Res. 2001;32(3\u20134):201\u2013225. doi:10.1051\/vetres:2001120"},{"issue":"8","key":"B19","series-title":"J Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"893","article-title":"Evaluation of annual survival and mortality rates and longevity of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the United States Navy Marine Mammal Program from 2004 through 2013","volume":"246","author":"Venn-Watson SK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Venn-Watson SK, Jensen ED, Smith CR, Xitco M, Ridgway SH. Evaluation of annual survival and mortality rates and longevity of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the United States Navy Marine Mammal Program from 2004 through 2013. J Vet Med Assoc. 2015;246(8):893\u2013898. doi:10.2460\/javma.246.8.893"},{"issue":"3","key":"B20","series-title":"Dis Aquat Org","first-page":"237","article-title":"Thirty year retrospective evaluation of pneumonia in a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus population","volume":"99","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Daniels R, Smith C. Thirty year retrospective evaluation of pneumonia in a bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus population. Dis Aquat Org. 2012;99(3):237\u2013242. doi:10.3354\/dao02471"},{"key":"B21","series-title":"Am J Physiol","first-page":"169","article-title":"Blood chemistry of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)","author":"Medway W","year":"1965","unstructured":"Medway W, Geraci JR. Blood chemistry of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Am J Physiol. 1965;209:169\u2013172. doi:10.1152\/ajplegacy.1965.209.1.169"},{"issue":"2","key":"B22","series-title":"Aquat Mamm","first-page":"166","article-title":"Hematological, biochemical, and immunological findings in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with orogenital papillomas","volume":"34","author":"Bossart GD","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bossart GD, Romano TA, Peden-Adams MM, et al. Hematological, biochemical, and immunological findings in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with orogenital papillomas. Aquat Mamm. 2008;34(2):166. doi:10.1578\/AM.34.2.2008.166"},{"key":"B23","series-title":"Theriogenology","first-page":"92","article-title":"Pregnancy profiles in the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): clinical biochemical and hematological variations during healthy gestation and a successful outcome","author":"Barratclough A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barratclough A, Gomez FM, Morey JS, et al. Pregnancy profiles in the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus): clinical biochemical and hematological variations during healthy gestation and a successful outcome. Theriogenology. 2020;142:92\u2013103. doi:10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.09.028"},{"key":"B24","series-title":"Dis Aquat Org","first-page":"197","article-title":"Biochemical and hematological biomarkers of reproductive failure in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus","author":"Barratclough A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barratclough A, Gomez FM, Morey JS, et al. Biochemical and hematological biomarkers of reproductive failure in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus. Dis Aquat Org. 2021;144:197\u2013208. doi:10.3354\/dao03591"},{"key":"B25","series-title":"Front Immunol","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Comparative innate and adaptive immune responses in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with viral, bacterial, and fungal infections","author":"Bossart GD","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bossart GD, Romano TA, Peden-Adams MM, et al. Comparative innate and adaptive immune responses in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1125. doi:10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01125"},{"issue":"2","key":"B26","series-title":"Dis Aquat Org","first-page":"103","article-title":"Clinicoimmunopathologic findings in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus with positive cetacean morbillivirus antibody titers","volume":"97","author":"Bossart GD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bossart GD, Romano TA, Peden-Adams MM, et al. Clinicoimmunopathologic findings in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus with positive cetacean morbillivirus antibody titers. Dis Aquat Org. 2011;97(2):103\u2013112. doi:10.3354\/dao02410"},{"key":"B27","series-title":"CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine","first-page":"887","article-title":"Cetacean medicine","author":"Nollens HH","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nollens HH, Venn-Watson S, Gili C, McBain JF. Cetacean medicine. In: Gulland FMD, Dierauf L, Whitman K, eds. CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine. 3rd ed. CRC Press; 2018:887\u2013909."},{"key":"B28","series-title":"Pesqui Vet Bras","first-page":"e07470","article-title":"AST\/ALT ratio: a new approach over old biochemistry tools","author":"Machado ALF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Machado ALF, Bastos LM, Santos LB, et al. AST\/ALT ratio: a new approach over old biochemistry tools. Pesqui Vet Bras. 2024;44:e07470. doi:10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-7470"},{"key":"B29","series-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol","first-page":"110854","article-title":"Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices in cats with feline panleukopenia","author":"Yanar KE","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yanar KE. Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices in cats with feline panleukopenia. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2024;278:110854. doi:10.1016\/j.vetimm.2024.110854"},{"key":"B30","series-title":"R News","first-page":"18","article-title":"Classification and regression by randomForest","author":"Liaw A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liaw A, Wiener M. Classification and regression by randomForest. R News. 2002;2\u20133:18\u201322."},{"issue":"5","key":"B31","series-title":"J Stat Softw","first-page":"1","article-title":"Building predictive models in R using the caret package","volume":"28","author":"Kuhn M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuhn M. Building predictive models in R using the caret package. J Stat Softw. 2008;28(5):1\u201326. doi:10.18637\/jss.v028.i05"},{"key":"B32","author":"Wickham H","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wickham H, Fran\u00e7ois R, Henry L, et al. dplyr: a grammar of data manipulation, 2023. https:\/\/user2014.r-project.org\/abstracts\/talks\/45_Wickham.pdf"},{"key":"B33","series-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wickham H. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis: Springer-Verlag; 2016."},{"key":"B34","author":"Wickham H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wickham H, Bryan J. readxl: Read excel files. R package 1, 2019."},{"issue":"1","key":"B35","series-title":"Mar Mamm Sci","first-page":"71","article-title":"Use of a serum-based glomerular filtration rate prediction equation to assess renal function by age, sex, fasting, and health status in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)","volume":"24","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Smith CR, Dold C, Ridgway SH. Use of a serum-based glomerular filtration rate prediction equation to assess renal function by age, sex, fasting, and health status in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Mar Mamm Sci. 2008;24(1):71\u201380. doi:10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2007.00162.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"B36","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"596","article-title":"Effects of age and sex on clinicopathologic reference ranges in a healthy managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin population","volume":"231","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Jensen ED, Ridgway SH. Effects of age and sex on clinicopathologic reference ranges in a healthy managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin population. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007;231(4):596\u2013601. doi:10.2460\/javma.231.4.596"},{"issue":"6","key":"B37","series-title":"J Leukoc Biol","first-page":"1301","article-title":"Eosinophils as modulators of host defense during parasitic, fungal, bacterial, and viral infections","volume":"116","author":"Gazzinelli-Guimaraes PH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gazzinelli-Guimaraes PH, Jones SM, Voehringer D, Mayer-Barber KD, Samarasinghe AE. Eosinophils as modulators of host defense during parasitic, fungal, bacterial, and viral infections. J Leukoc Biol. 2024;116(6):1301\u20131323. doi:10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae173"},{"issue":"2","key":"B38","series-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol","first-page":"214","article-title":"The eosinophil in infection","volume":"50","author":"Ravin KA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ravin KA, Loy M. The eosinophil in infection. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2016;50(2):214\u2013227. doi:10.1007\/s12016-015-8525-4"},{"issue":"24","key":"B39","series-title":"Animals","first-page":"3547","article-title":"Evaluation of eosinopenia as a SIRS biomarker in critically ill horses","volume":"12","author":"Mart\u00edn-Cuervo M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn-Cuervo M, Gracia-Calvo LA, Mac\u00edas-Garc\u00eda B, Ezquerra LJ, Barrera R. Evaluation of eosinopenia as a SIRS biomarker in critically ill horses. Animals. 2022;12(24):3547. doi:10.3390\/ani12243547"},{"key":"B40","series-title":"Front Immunol","first-page":"364","article-title":"Impact of viral infections on hematopoiesis: from beneficial to detrimental effects on bone marrow output","author":"Pascutti MF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pascutti MF, Erkelens MN, Nolte MA. Impact of viral infections on hematopoiesis: from beneficial to detrimental effects on bone marrow output. Front Immunol. 2016;7:364. doi:10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00364"},{"issue":"3","key":"B41","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"511","article-title":"Novel cetacean morbillivirus in Guiana dolphin, Brazil","volume":"20","author":"Groch KR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Groch KR, Colosio AC, Marcondes MCC, et al. Novel cetacean morbillivirus in Guiana dolphin, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(3):511\u2013513. doi:10.3201\/eid2003.131557"},{"issue":"3","key":"B42","series-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med","first-page":"657","article-title":"Serum acute-phase proteins in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and correlation with commonly utilized inflammatory indices","volume":"51","author":"Flower JE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Flower JE, Langan JN, Wells RS, et al. Serum acute-phase proteins in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and correlation with commonly utilized inflammatory indices. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2020;51(3):657\u2013662. doi:10.1638\/2019-0130"},{"issue":"2","key":"B43","series-title":"J Wildl Dis","first-page":"318","article-title":"Assessment of increased serum aminotransferases in a managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population","volume":"44","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Smith CR, Jensen ED. Assessment of increased serum aminotransferases in a managed Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population. J Wildl Dis. 2008;44(2):318\u2013330. doi:10.7589\/0090-3558-44.2.318"},{"key":"B44","series-title":"Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394596-9.00005-6","article-title":"Acute phase proteins in animals","author":"Cray C","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cray C. Acute phase proteins in animals. In: Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science: Elsevier; 2012:113\u2013150."},{"issue":"2","key":"B45","series-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care","first-page":"234","article-title":"An update on C-reactive protein for intensivists","volume":"37","author":"Ho KM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ho KM, Lipman J. An update on C-reactive protein for intensivists. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2009;37(2):234\u2013241. doi:10.1177\/0310057X0903700217"},{"issue":"2","key":"B46","series-title":"Dis Aquat Organ","first-page":"87","article-title":"Primary bacterial pathogens in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus: needles in haystacks of commensal and environmental microbes","volume":"79","author":"Venn-Watson S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Venn-Watson S, Smith CR, Jensen ED. Primary bacterial pathogens in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus: needles in haystacks of commensal and environmental microbes. Dis Aquat Organ. 2008;79(2):87\u201393. doi:10.3354\/dao01895"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0129.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0129.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0129.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:25:17Z","timestamp":1788265517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/87\/9\/ajvr.26.03.0129.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.26.03.0129","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645","1943-5681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}}}