{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:05:50Z","timestamp":1789391150716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To compare Norberg angle (NA) measurements and hip dysplasia (HD) grades obtained from the same radiographs using the F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Cynologique Internationale (FCI) 2022 (FCI\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and FCI 2006 methods (FCI\n                      <jats:sub>06<\/jats:sub>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study included radiographs submitted for canine HD screening from March 17, 2023, through September 27, 2024. Radiographs meeting FCI quality standards were evaluated under both methods, with NA measurements and HD grades recorded accordingly. Grade changes were classified as upgraded, downgraded, or unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Radiographs from 1,020 Australian Shepherds and 298 Boxers were reviewed. The mean Norberg angle measured according to the 2022 method (NA\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was 0.7\u00b0 lower than that measured according to the 2006 method (NA\n                      <jats:sub>06<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Overall, 1,801 of 2,636 hips (68.3%) retained the same HD grade with the FCI\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      . In Australian Shepherds, 350 of 2,040 hips (17.2%) were upgraded, and 257 of 2,040 hips (12.6%) were downgraded. In Boxers, 53 of 596 hips (8.9%) were upgraded, and 175 of 596 hips (29.4%) were downgraded. Reclassification occurred primarily among hips initially graded D in 2006 (D\n                      <jats:sub>06<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), with 286 of 347 hips (82.4%) reclassified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Differences between NA\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      and NA\n                      <jats:sub>06<\/jats:sub>\n                      had limited impact on HD grading except for hips with near-threshold NA values. The FCI\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      kept most HD grades unchanged. Across both breeds, upgrades occurred primarily among grade D hips. Breed differences in grade changes may reflect interbreed anatomical differences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The FCI\n                      <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                      method is unlikely to substantially alter HD grades in these 2 breeds. Borderline hips and breed-specific grading patterns may affect individual screening outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.26.06.0260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:27:34Z","timestamp":1789388854000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The updated 2022 F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Cynologique Internationale method may lead to changes in hip dysplasia grading in some dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4455-7141","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jules","family":"Gras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9ric","family":"Goyenvalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Jourdain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Rousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mahieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, National Institute for Agricultural Research, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c9ric","family":"Aguado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"},{"name":"Oniris, Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Regenerative Medicine and SkeletonNantes Universit\u00e9, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Maitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oniris VetAgroBio, Small Animal Surgery Department, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France"},{"name":"Oniris, Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Regenerative Medicine and SkeletonNantes Universit\u00e9, Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal Expert Consult","first-page":"964","article-title":"Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control of canine hip dysplasia","author":"Smith GK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith GK, Leighton EA, Karbe GT, McDonald-Lynch MB. 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