{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:47:14Z","timestamp":1792511234021,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare clinical parameters and medical interventions during the first hour of inhalant anesthesia in dogs administered medetomidine-vatinoxan (Zenalpha [ZEN]) versus dexmedetomidine (DEX) as IM preanesthetic agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Medical records were searched to identify dogs premedicated with ZEN between August 2022 and January 2025. Dogs administered DEX between July 2021 and May 2026 were then identified and matched with \u03b1\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      -adrenergic receptor agonist dose equivalence prioritized. Generalized estimating equation models were constructed to assess associations between variables of interest and premedication type, while accounting for repeated measurements within paired matched sets.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ZEN group included 24 dogs (ZEN dose median, 10 \u03bcg\/kg; range, 5 to 26 \u03bcg\/kg), whereas the DEX group included 48 dogs (DEX dose median, 5 \u03bcg\/kg; range, 3 to 10 \u03bcg\/kg), with no differences between groups. Compared with DEX, premedication with ZEN was associated with an 18 beats\/min higher heart rate, whereas mean arterial pressure was 19 mm Hg lower. Dogs receiving ZEN had 9.3-fold greater odds of receiving an IV fluid bolus and 6.8-fold greater odds of vasopressor administration. No differences were detectable between groups in IV interventions administered for a light plane of anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings indicated ZEN was associated with intraoperative hypotension in dogs during the first hour of volatile anesthesia, despite significantly higher heart rates. This effect translated into a significantly greater need for hemodynamic intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sc_a5\">\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of ZEN on arterial blood pressure warrant careful hemodynamic monitoring and preparedness to provide blood pressure support in dogs undergoing inhalant anesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.26.08.0372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:21:21Z","timestamp":1792509681000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medetomidine-vatinoxan is associated with a higher proportion of hypotension than dexmedetomidine in anesthetized dogs: a retrospective, matched-cohort study"],"prefix":"10.2460","author":[{"given":"Sidney","family":"Rouse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2147-964X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kirk","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Lerche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Ballash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica","family":"Midon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8740-7000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Turi K.","family":"Aarnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3532-0798","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolina H. Ricco","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"75","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine produces a hypnotic-anesthetic action in rats via activation of central alpha-2 adrenoceptors","volume":"71","author":"Doze VA","year":"1989","unstructured":"Doze VA, Chen B, Maze M. Dexmedetomidine produces a hypnotic-anesthetic action in rats via activation of central alpha-2 adrenoceptors. Anesthesiology. 1989;71(1):75\u201379. doi:10.1097\/00000542-198907000-00014"},{"issue":"2","key":"B2","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract","first-page":"289","article-title":"Advantages and guidelines for using alpha-2 agonists as anesthetic adjuvants","volume":"22","author":"Tranquilli WJ","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tranquilli WJ, Benson GJ. Advantages and guidelines for using alpha-2 agonists as anesthetic adjuvants. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1992;22(2):289\u2013293. doi:10.1016\/S0195-5616(92)50612-X"},{"issue":"2","key":"B3","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"294","article-title":"Reduction of isoflurane anesthetic requirement by medetomidine and its restoration by atipamezole in dogs","volume":"54","author":"Ewing KK","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ewing KK, Mohammed HO, Scarlett JM, Short CE. Reduction of isoflurane anesthetic requirement by medetomidine and its restoration by atipamezole in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1993;54(2):294\u2013299. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.02.294"},{"issue":"6","key":"B4","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"475","article-title":"Perioperative use of selective alpha-2 agonists and antagonists in small animals","volume":"45","author":"Lemke KA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lemke KA. Perioperative use of selective alpha-2 agonists and antagonists in small animals. Can Vet J. 2004;45(6):475\u2013480."},{"issue":"6","key":"B5","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"624","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, decreases cerebral blood flow in the isoflurane-anesthetized dog","volume":"70","author":"Zornow MH","year":"1990","unstructured":"Zornow MH, Fleischer JE, Scheller MS, Nakakimura K, Drummond JC. Dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, decreases cerebral blood flow in the isoflurane-anesthetized dog. Vet Anaesth Analg. 1990;70(6):624\u2013630. doi:10.1213\/00000539-199006000-00008"},{"issue":"11","key":"B6","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"885","article-title":"A review of the physiological effects of alpha2-agonists related to the clinical use of medetomidine in small animal practice","volume":"44","author":"Sinclair MD","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sinclair MD. A review of the physiological effects of alpha2-agonists related to the clinical use of medetomidine in small animal practice. Can Vet J. 2003;44(11):885."},{"issue":"4","key":"B7","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"360","article-title":"The cardiopulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusions in dogs during isoflurane anesthesia","volume":"42","author":"Pascoe PJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pascoe PJ. The cardiopulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusions in dogs during isoflurane anesthesia. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2015;42(4):360\u2013368. doi:10.1111\/vaa.12220"},{"issue":"1","key":"B8","series-title":"Vet Med Int","first-page":"9947159","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs: impact on electrocardiographic parameters","volume":"2025","author":"Bispo GA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bispo GA, Cabral de Oliveira T, Moretti MF, et al. Dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs: impact on electrocardiographic parameters. Vet Med Int. 2025;2025(1):9947159. doi:10.1155\/vmi\/9947159"},{"issue":"5","key":"B9","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"587","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of the peripheral alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist MK 0467 administered intravenously or intramuscularly concurrently with medetomidine in dogs","volume":"73","author":"Rolfe NG","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rolfe NG, Kerr CL, McDonell WN. Cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of the peripheral alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist MK 0467 administered intravenously or intramuscularly concurrently with medetomidine in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2012;73(5):587\u2013594. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.73.5.587"},{"issue":"6","key":"B10","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"567","article-title":"The cardiopulmonary effects of a peripheral alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonist, MK-467, in dogs sedated with a combination of medetomidine and butorphanol","volume":"41","author":"Salla K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salla K, Restitutti F, Vainionp\u00e4\u00e4 M, et al. The cardiopulmonary effects of a peripheral alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonist, MK-467, in dogs sedated with a combination of medetomidine and butorphanol. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2014;41(6):567\u2013574. doi:10.1111\/vaa.12158"},{"issue":"5","key":"B11","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"397","article-title":"Evaluation of cardiovascular effects of intramuscular medetomidine and a medetomidine-vatinoxan combination in Beagle dogs: a randomized blinded crossover laboratory study","volume":"50","author":"Joerger FB","year":"2023","unstructured":"Joerger FB, Wieser ML, Steblaj B, Niemann L, Turunen H, Kutter AP. Evaluation of cardiovascular effects of intramuscular medetomidine and a medetomidine-vatinoxan combination in Beagle dogs: a randomized blinded crossover laboratory study. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2023;50(5):397\u2013407. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2023.05.004"},{"key":"B12","article-title":"FDA approves new combination drug for sedation in dogs","year":"2022","unstructured":"FDA approves new combination drug for sedation in dogs. US Food and Drug Administration. Published March 30, 2022. Accessed April 30, 2026. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/animal-veterinary\/cvm-updates\/fda-approves-new-combination-drug-sedation-dogs"},{"key":"B13","article-title":"Zenalpha 0.5 mg + 10 mg solution for injection","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zenalpha 0.5 mg + 10 mg solution for injection. Veterinary Medicines Information website. European Medicines Agency. Updated December 22, 2025. Accessed August 26, 2026. https:\/\/medicines.health.europa.eu\/veterinary\/en\/600000038535"},{"issue":"1","key":"B14","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"43","article-title":"Effects of hydromorphone alone and combined with medetomidine-vatinoxan or dexmedetomidine on alfaxalone induction dose and mean arterial pressure in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane","volume":"52","author":"Davis LV","year":"2025","unstructured":"Davis LV, Hampton CE, Kleine SA, et al. Effects of hydromorphone alone and combined with medetomidine-vatinoxan or dexmedetomidine on alfaxalone induction dose and mean arterial pressure in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2025;52(1):43\u201352. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2024.10.138"},{"issue":"4","key":"B15","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"659","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on cardiac and coronary dynamics in chronically instrumented dogs","author":"Bernard JM","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bernard JM, Wouters PF, Doursout MF, et al. Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on cardiac and coronary dynamics in chronically instrumented dogs. Anesthesiology. 1990;72(4):659\u2013662. doi:10.1097\/00000542-199004000-00014"},{"issue":"1","key":"B16","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"156","article-title":"Direct negative inotropic and lusitropic effects of sevoflurane","volume":"81","author":"Harkin CP","year":"1994","unstructured":"Harkin CP, Pagel PS, Kersten JR, Hettrick DA, Warltier DC. Direct negative inotropic and lusitropic effects of sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 1994;81(1):156\u2013167. doi:10.1097\/00000542-199407000-00022"},{"issue":"4","key":"B17","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"336","article-title":"Effects of MK-467 on the antinociceptive and sedative actions and pharmacokinetics of medetomidine in dogs","volume":"39","author":"Bennett RC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bennett RC, Salla KM, Raekallio MR, et al. Effects of MK-467 on the antinociceptive and sedative actions and pharmacokinetics of medetomidine in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2016;39(4):336\u2013343. doi:10.1111\/jvp.12292"},{"issue":"3","key":"B18","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"314","article-title":"Combined effects of dexmedetomidine and vatinoxan infusions on minimum alveolar concentration and cardiopulmonary function in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs","volume":"48","author":"Hector RC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hector RC, Rezende ML, Mama KR, Steffey EP, Raekallio MR, Vainio OM. Combined effects of dexmedetomidine and vatinoxan infusions on minimum alveolar concentration and cardiopulmonary function in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2021;48(3):314\u2013323. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2020.12.007"},{"issue":"8","key":"B19","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"885","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane, compared with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane, in dogs","volume":"58","author":"Mutoh T","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mutoh T, Nishimura R, Kim HY, Matsunaga S, Sasaki N. Cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane, compared with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane, in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1997;58(8):885\u2013890. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.1997.58.08.885"},{"issue":"2","key":"B20","series-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther","first-page":"690","article-title":"Hemodynamic and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in dog","volume":"263","author":"Bloor BC","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bloor BC, Frankland M, Alper G, Raybould D, Weitz J, Shurtliff M. Hemodynamic and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992;263(2):690\u2013697. doi:10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)10402-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"B21","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"563","article-title":"Effects of vatinoxan in dogs premedicated with medetomidine and butorphanol followed by sevoflurane anaesthesia: a randomized clinical study","volume":"49","author":"Salla KM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salla KM, Turunen HA, Kallio-Kujala IJ, et al. Effects of vatinoxan in dogs premedicated with medetomidine and butorphanol followed by sevoflurane anaesthesia: a randomized clinical study. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2022;49(6):563\u2013571. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2022.08.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"B22","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"1","article-title":"The cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine in dogs with and without prior or concurrent administration of glycopyrrolate","volume":"29","author":"Sinclair MD","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sinclair MD, McDonell WN, O\u2019Grady M, Pettifer G. The cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine in dogs with and without prior or concurrent administration of glycopyrrolate. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2002;29(1):1\u201313. doi:10.1046\/j.1467-2987.2001.00056.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"B23","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"81","article-title":"Evaluation of the sedative and cardiovascular effects of intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine with and without concurrent atropine administration in dogs","volume":"239","author":"Congdon JM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Congdon JM, Marquez M, Niyom S, Boscan P. Evaluation of the sedative and cardiovascular effects of intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine with and without concurrent atropine administration in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011;239(1):81\u201389. doi:10.2460\/javma.239.1.81"},{"key":"B24","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"621696","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation for refractory hypotension","author":"Valverde A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valverde A. Fluid resuscitation for refractory hypotension. Front Vet Sci. 2021;8:621696. doi:10.3389\/fvets.2021.621696"},{"issue":"5","key":"B25","series-title":"Aust Vet J","first-page":"264","article-title":"What is the best treatment for hypotension in healthy dogs during anaesthesia maintained with isoflurane?","volume":"102","author":"Quinn C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Quinn C. What is the best treatment for hypotension in healthy dogs during anaesthesia maintained with isoflurane? Aust Vet J. 2024;102(5):264\u2013273. doi:10.1111\/avj.13318"},{"key":"B26","series-title":"Front Vet Sci","first-page":"1846419","article-title":"Risk factors for hypotension in anaesthetized dogs: a retrospective analysis of 390 cases","author":"Mignini B","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mignini B, Rives A, Degani M, Talarico C, Farnir F, Sandersen C. Risk factors for hypotension in anaesthetized dogs: a retrospective analysis of 390 cases. Front Vet Sci. 2026;13:1846419. doi:10.3389\/fvets.2026.1846419"},{"issue":"4","key":"B27","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"443","article-title":"Effects of dexmedetomidine, with or without vatinoxan (MK-467), on minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats","volume":"46","author":"Pypendop BH","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pypendop BH, Ahokoivu H, Honkavaara J. Effects of dexmedetomidine, with or without vatinoxan (MK-467), on minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2019;46(4):443\u2013451. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2019.02.004"},{"issue":"1","key":"B28","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"47","article-title":"Concentrations of medetomidine enantiomers and vatinoxan, an \u03b12-adrenoceptor antagonist, in plasma and central nervous tissue after intravenous coadministration in dogs","volume":"47","author":"Honkavaara JM","year":"2020","unstructured":"Honkavaara JM, Raekallio MR, Syrja PM, et al. Concentrations of medetomidine enantiomers and vatinoxan, an \u03b12-adrenoceptor antagonist, in plasma and central nervous tissue after intravenous coadministration in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2020;47(1):47\u201352. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2019.07.004"},{"issue":"3","key":"B29","series-title":"Drug Metab Dispos","first-page":"445","article-title":"Influence of MK-467, a peripherally acting \u03b12-adrenoceptor antagonist on the disposition of intravenous dexmedetomidine in dogs","volume":"40","author":"Honkavaara J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Honkavaara J, Restitutti F, Raekallio M, et al. Influence of MK-467, a peripherally acting \u03b12-adrenoceptor antagonist on the disposition of intravenous dexmedetomidine in dogs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012;40(3):445\u2013449. doi:10.1124\/dmd.111.042671"},{"issue":"3","key":"B30","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"417","article-title":"Plasma concentration and cardiovascular effects of intramuscular medetomidine combined with three doses of the peripheral alpha2-antagonist MK-467 in dogs","volume":"44","author":"Restitutti F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Restitutti F, Kaartinen MJ, Raekallio MR, et al. Plasma concentration and cardiovascular effects of intramuscular medetomidine combined with three doses of the peripheral alpha2-antagonist MK-467 in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2017;44(3):417\u2013426. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2016.04.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"B31","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","first-page":"ajvr.24.09.0254","article-title":"Effect of oral premedication with gabapentin and trazodone combination on the MAC of isoflurane in dogs","volume":"86","author":"Aiello J","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aiello J, Carson B, Aarnes T, Wanstrath A, McLoughlin M. Effect of oral premedication with gabapentin and trazodone combination on the MAC of isoflurane in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2025;86(3):ajvr.24.09.0254. doi:10.2460\/ajvr.24.09.0254"},{"key":"B32","series-title":"Res Vet Sci","first-page":"105958","article-title":"Comparison of premedication with or without vatinoxan, co-administered with medetomidine and methadone, in anesthetized dogs","author":"Bellini L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bellini L, Zanusso F, Lucatello L, Dussin B, Capolongo F. Comparison of premedication with or without vatinoxan, co-administered with medetomidine and methadone, in anesthetized dogs. Res Vet Sci. 2025;197:105958. doi:10.1016\/j.rvsc.2025.105958"},{"issue":"1","key":"B33","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"64","article-title":"Multicenter study to investigate factors associated with change in rectal temperature during anesthesia in dogs","volume":"258","author":"Clark-Price SC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Clark-Price SC, Fischer BL, Kirwin KL, Keating SCJ, Auckburally A, Flaherty D. Multicenter study to investigate factors associated with change in rectal temperature during anesthesia in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021;258(1):64\u201371. doi:10.2460\/javma.258.1.64"},{"issue":"1","key":"B34","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"26","article-title":"A comparison of rectal versus fetlock temperatures in dorsally recumbent horses during general anesthesia","volume":"51","author":"Taylor SN","year":"2024","unstructured":"Taylor SN, Colbath AC, Manfredi JM, Yob CJ, Mu\u00f1oz KA. A comparison of rectal versus fetlock temperatures in dorsally recumbent horses during general anesthesia. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2024;51(1):26\u201334. doi:10.1016\/j.vaa.2023.09.071"},{"issue":"2","key":"B35","series-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg","first-page":"142","article-title":"Thermographic imaging of superficial temperature in dogs sedated with medetomidine and butorphanol with and without MK-467 (l-659-066)","volume":"40","author":"Vainionp\u00e4\u00e4 M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vainionp\u00e4\u00e4 M, Salla K, Restitutti F, et al. Thermographic imaging of superficial temperature in dogs sedated with medetomidine and butorphanol with and without MK-467 (l-659-066). Vet Anaesth Analg. 2013;40(2):142\u2013148. doi:10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2012.00768.x"},{"key":"B36","series-title":"Res Vet Sci","first-page":"162","article-title":"Evaluation of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor in anesthetized dogs: agreement with direct measurements and ability to detect hypotension","author":"Sedgwick S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sedgwick S, Lorenzutti AM, Araos JB, Gleed RD, Martin-Flores M. Evaluation of an oscillometric blood pressure monitor in anesthetized dogs: agreement with direct measurements and ability to detect hypotension. Res Vet Sci. 2021;135:162\u2013166. doi:10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.01.016"},{"issue":"4","key":"B37","series-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"332","article-title":"The effects of increasing doses of MK-467, a peripheral alpha2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, on the cardiopulmonary effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in conscious dogs","volume":"34","author":"Honkavaara JM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Honkavaara JM, Restitutti F, Raekallio MR, Kuusela EK, Vainio OM. The effects of increasing doses of MK-467, a peripheral alpha2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, on the cardiopulmonary effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in conscious dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34(4):332\u2013337. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2010.01242.x"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/aop\/ajvr.26.08.0372\/ajvr.26.08.0372.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/aop\/ajvr.26.08.0372\/ajvr.26.08.0372.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:21:22Z","timestamp":1792509682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/aop\/ajvr.26.08.0372\/ajvr.26.08.0372.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.26.08.0372","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645","1943-5681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}}}