{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T22:41:19Z","timestamp":1781736079117,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the use of a combination of avocado and soybean unsaponifiable (ASU) extracts for the treatment of experimentally induced osteoarthritis in horses.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201416 horses.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Osteoarthritis was induced via osteochondral fragmentation in 1 middle carpal joint of each horse; the other joint underwent a sham operation. Horses were randomly allocated to receive oral treatment with ASU extracts (1:2 [avocado-to-soybean] ratio mixed in 6 mL of molasses; n = 8) or molasses (6 mL) alone (placebo treatment; 8) once daily from days 0 to 70. Lameness, response to joint flexion, synovial effusion, gross and histologic joint assessments, and serum and synovial fluid biochemical data were compared between treatment groups to identify effects of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Osteochondral fragmentation induced significant increases in various variables indicative of joint pain and disease. Treatment with ASU extracts did not have an effect on signs of pain or lameness; however, there was a significant reduction in severity of articular cartilage erosion and synovial hemorrhage (assessed grossly) and significant increase in articular cartilage glycosaminoglycan synthesis, compared with placebo-treated horses.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Although treatment with ASU extracts did not decrease clinical signs of pain in horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis, there did appear to be a disease-modifying effect of treatment, compared with findings in placebotreated horses. These objective data support the use of ASU extracts as a disease-modifying treatment for management of osteoarthritis in horses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.6.598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T13:49:03Z","timestamp":1180705743000},"page":"598-604","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Evaluation of avocado and soybean unsaponifiable extracts for treatment of horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Christopher E.","family":"Kawcak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"Frisbie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Wayne","family":"McIlwraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha M.","family":"Werpy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Diagnosis and management of lameness in the horse","first-page":"746","article-title":"Principles and practices of joint disease treatment","author":"Caron","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"50th Annu Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract","first-page":"157","article-title":"Current and future treatments of equine joint disease, in Proceedings","author":"Frisbie","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.2001.0176","article-title":"Nutripharmaceuticals for osteoarthritis","volume":"15","author":"Hauselmann","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Scand J Rheumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/030097401316909602","article-title":"Symptoms modifying effect of avocado\/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) in knee osteoarthritis. 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