{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:45:58Z","timestamp":1789479958565,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate inflammatory responses induced via intra-articular recombinant human interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 treatment in horses receiving a dietary nutraceutical (DN; composed of mussel, shark cartilage, abalone, and <jats:italic>Biota orientalis<\/jats:italic> lipid extract) and assess the clinical effects of long-term DN administration.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201422 healthy horses.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u201412 horses were fed 0, 15, 45, or 75 mg of DN (3 horses\/treatment) daily for 84 days. General health and clinicopathologic variables were monitored at intervals. Ten other horses received 0 or 15 g of DN\/d (5 horses\/treatment) for 29 days (beginning day \u221214). One intercarpal joint in each horse was injected twice with IL-1\u03b2 (10 and 100 ng on days 0 and 1, respectively), and the contralateral joint was similarly injected with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Synovial fluid prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), nitric oxide (NO), and protein concentrations and leukocyte counts were analyzed before and at intervals after injections.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Administration of the DN (up to 75 g\/d) to horses for 84 days did not induce any adverse effects. In the other experiment, synovial fluid PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, GAG, and protein concentrations and leukocyte count increased after intra-articular injections of IL-1\u03b2 (compared with effects of saline solution injections) in horses that received no DN; NO concentration was not affected. In horses that were fed the DN, intra-articular IL-1\u03b2 injections did not induce significant increases in synovial fluid PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and GAG concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggested that administration of the DN may be useful in preventing inflammation associated with arthritis and degenerative joint disease in horses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.70.7.848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T07:09:44Z","timestamp":1246432184000},"page":"848-861","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Evaluation of inflammatory responses induced via intra-articular injection of interleukin-1 in horses receiving a dietary nutraceutical and assessment of the clinical effects of long-term nutraceutical 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