{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:27:42Z","timestamp":1762079262544,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the intrarenal anatomy of kidneys obtained from cattle and to propose a new classification for the renal collecting system of cattle.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u201437 kidneys from 20 adult male mixed-breed cattle.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Intrarenal anatomy was evaluated by the use of 3-D endocasts made of the kidneys. The number of renal lobes and minor renal calyces in each kidney and each renal region (cranial pole, caudal pole, and hilus) was quantified.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014The renal pelvis was evident in all casts and was classified into 2 types (nondilated [28\/37 {75.7%}] or dilated [9\/37 {24.3%}]). All casts had a major renal calyx associated with the cranial pole and the caudal pole. The number of minor renal calices per kidney ranged from 13 to 64 (mean, 22.7). There was a significant correlation between the number of renal lobes and the number of minor renal calices for the entire kidney, the cranial pole region, and the hilus region; however, there was not a similar significant correlation for the caudal pole region. Major and minor renal calices were extremely narrow, compared with major and minor renal calices in pigs and humans.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014The renal collecting system of cattle, with a renal pelvis and 2 major renal calices connected to several minor renal calices by an infundibulum, differed substantially from the renal collecting system of pigs and humans. From a morphological standpoint, the kidneys of cattle were not suitable for use as a model in endourologic research and training. <jats:italic>(Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2010;71:1264\u20131269)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.11.1264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]],"date-time":"2010-11-01T07:04:22Z","timestamp":1288595062000},"page":"1264-1269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A proposed new classification for the renal collecting system of cattle"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"A. Pereira-Sampaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helio","family":"J. S. Bagetti Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francismar","family":"S. Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"J. B. Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"W. 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