{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T05:23:09Z","timestamp":1741411389757,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate effectiveness of allogeneic bone screws and pins for internal fixation of midbody transverse fractures of equine proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) in vitro.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u201414 forelimbs from cadavers of 3-year-old Thoroughbreds.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Allogeneic cortical bone fragments were collected from the limbs of a male Thoroughbred, and cortical bone screws were prepared from the tissue by use of a precision desktop microlathe programmed with the dimensions of a metal cortical bone screw. A midbody transverse osteotomy of each PSB was performed by use of a bone-shaping oscillating saw and repaired via 1 of 3 internal fixation techniques: 1 allogeneic bone screw with 1 allogeneic bone pin (type I; n = 6 PSBs), 2 allogeneic bone screws (type II; 8), or 1 stainless steel cortical bone screw (control repair; 6). Mechanical tension measurements were obtained by use of a commercially available materials testing system.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mean \u00b1 SD tensile strength (TS) was 668.3 \u00b1 216.6 N for type I repairs, 854.4 \u00b1 253.2 N for type II repairs, and 1,150.0 \u00b1 451.7 N for control repairs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Internal fixation of PSB fractures by the use of allogeneic bone screws and bone pins was successful. Although mean TS of control repairs with stainless steel cortical bone screws was greater than the mean TS of type I and type II repairs, the difference between type II and control repairs was not significant. Allogeneic screws may advance healing and result in fewer complications in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.4.483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T07:06:47Z","timestamp":1270105607000},"page":"483-486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["In vitro evaluation of allogeneic bone screws for use in internal fixation of transverse fractures created in proximal sesamoid bones obtained from equine cadavers"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Takakuwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruo","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"606","article-title":"Lag screw and cancellous bone graft fixation of transverse proximal sesamoid bone fractures in horses: 25 cases (1983\u20131989)","volume":"199","author":"Henninger","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1991.tb00299.x","article-title":"Circumferential wiring of mid-body and large basilar fractures of the proximal sesamoid bone in 15 horses","volume":"20","author":"Martin","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"205","article-title":"A technique for management of traumatic rupture of the equine suspensory apparatus","volume":"176","author":"Wheat","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1653","article-title":"Apical fracture of the proximal sesamoid bone in Standardbred horses: 43 cases (1990\u20131996)","volume":"214","author":"Woodie","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-92-10-563","article-title":"Hammer toe correction by arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal joint using a cortical bone allograft 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horses","volume":"33","author":"Eddy","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"268","article-title":"Deep-freezing versus 4 degrees preservation of avascular osteocartilaginous shell allograft in rats","volume":"218","author":"Rodrigo","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.2004.04043.x","article-title":"Evaluation of a technique for collection of cancellous bone graft from the proximal humerus in horses","volume":"33","author":"Harriss","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2000.5601","article-title":"Comparison of bone healing by demineralized bone matrix and autogenous cancellous bone in horses","volume":"29","author":"Kawcak","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Anim Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.2527\/1994.72102617x","article-title":"The mechanical properties of equine third metacarpals as affected by age","volume":"72","author":"Lawrence","year":"1994"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary 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