{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T03:47:07Z","timestamp":1775965627704,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the effect of administration of the labeled dosage of pimobendan to dogs with furosemide-induced activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201412 healthy hound-type dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs were allocated into 2 groups (6 dogs\/group). One group received furosemide (2 mg\/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 10 days (days 1 to 10). The second group received a combination of furosemide (2 mg\/kg, PO, q 12 h) and pimobendan (0.25 mg\/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 10 days (days 1 to 10). To determine the effect of the medications on the RAAS, 2 urine samples\/d were obtained for determination of the urinary aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio (A:C) on days 0 (baseline), 5, and 10.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mean \u00b1 SD urinary A:C increased significantly after administration of furosemide (baseline, 0.37 \u00b1 0.14 \u03bcg\/g; day 5, 0.89 \u00b1 0.23 \u03bcg\/g) or the combination of furosemide and pimobendan (baseline, 0.36 \u00b1 0.22 \u03bcg\/g; day 5, 0.88 \u00b1 0.55 \u03bcg\/g). Mean urinary A:C on day 10 was 0.95 \u00b1 0.63 \u03bcg\/g for furosemide alone and 0.85 \u00b1 0.21 \u03bcg\/g for the combination of furosemide and pimobendan.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Furosemide-induced RAAS activation appeared to plateau by day 5. Administration of pimobendan at a standard dosage did not enhance or suppress furosemide-induced RAAS activation. These results in clinically normal dogs suggested that furosemide, administered with or without pimobendan, should be accompanied by RAAS-suppressive treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.72.12.1646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T19:52:22Z","timestamp":1322682742000},"page":"1646-1651","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effects of furosemide and the combination of furosemide and the labeled dosage of pimobendan on the circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in clinically normal dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Andrea C.","family":"Lantis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarke E.","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa C.","family":"DeFrancesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce W.","family":"Keene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Werre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2009.0392.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of canine chronic valvular heart disease.","volume":"23","author":"Atkins","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0150.x","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan or benazepril hydrochloride on survival times in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease: the QUEST study.","volume":"22","author":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0116.x","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan on case fatality rate in Doberman Pinschers with congestive heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy.","volume":"22","author":"O'Grady","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2002.tb02366.x","article-title":"A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of pimobendan in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy.","volume":"16","author":"Luis-Fuentes","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S1760-2734(06)70053-4","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of imidapril and enalapril in a prospective, multicentric randomized trial in dogs with naturally acquired heart failure.","volume":"6","author":"Amberger","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Vet Cardiol","first-page":"7","article-title":"The effect of benazepril on survival times and clinical signs of dogs with congestive heart failure: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, long-term clinical trial.","volume":"1","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1995.tb01092.x","article-title":"Controlled clinical evaluation of enalapril in dogs with heart failure: results of the Cooperative Veterinary Enalapril Study Group.","volume":"9","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"1573","article-title":"Effects of enalapril maleate on survival of dogs with naturally acquired heart failure. 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