{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T10:40:33Z","timestamp":1761648033148,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\nObjective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To measure florfenicol concentrations in ovine tear fluid after IM and SC administration and determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of florfenicol against field isolates of Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> organisms potentially involved in infectious keratoconjunctivitis.<\/jats:p>\nAnimals<\/jats:bold>\u20149 healthy adult Lacaune ewes.<\/jats:p>\nProcedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Animals received an IM and SC administration of florfenicol (20 mg\/kg) in a 2-way crossover design. Samples of blood and tear fluid were collected before and for 24 hours after administration. Concentrations of florfenicol in plasma and tear fluid were measured via high-performance liquid chromatography. The MIC of florfenicol for various Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> strains cultured from sheep and goats was determined via an agar dilution method.<\/jats:p>\nResults<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mean florfenicol concentration in tear fluid for the 24-hour period was significantly higher after IM administration (0.70 \u03bcg\/mL) than after SC administration (0.22 \u03bcg\/mL) and was maintained for a longer duration. The lacrimal fluid-to-plasma concentration ratio was not different between the 2 routes of administration, with mean values of 40.2% and 32.5% after IM and SC administration, respectively. The MIC for Mycoplasma agalactiae, Mycoplasma conjunctivae<\/jats:italic>, and Mycoplasma mycoides<\/jats:italic> isolates ranged from 0.5 to 8 \u03bcg of florfenicol\/mL. Two strains of M agalactiae<\/jats:italic> could be considered resistant to florfenicol.<\/jats:p>\nConclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Florfenicol readily penetrated the preocular tear fluid of sheep after IM and SC administration. For both routes of administration, doses > 20 mg\/kg would be necessary to achieve tear fluid concentrations of florfenicol greater than the MICs for most strains of Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> organisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.2.268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]],"date-time":"2013-01-30T18:41:44Z","timestamp":1359571304000},"page":"268-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Florfenicol concentrations in ovine tear fluid following intramuscular and subcutaneous administration and comparison with the minimum inhibitory concentrations against mycoplasmal strains potentially involved in infectious keratoconjunctivitis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Alain","family":"Regnier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Laroute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Gautier-Bouchardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Gayrard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Picard-Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Louis","family":"Toutain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Rec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.122.2.40","article-title":"Keratoconjunctivitis in a hill sheep flock","volume":"122","author":"Hosie","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Rec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.125.10.253","article-title":"Ovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis: a microbiological study of clinically unaffected and affected sheep's eyes with special reference to Mycoplasma conjunctivae","volume":"125","author":"Egwu","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Diseases of sheep","first-page":"280","article-title":"Infectious keratoconjunctivitis","author":"Jones","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Infect Immun","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.18.3.806-815.1977","article-title":"Epidemic caprine keratoconjunctivitis: recovery of Mycoplasma conjunctivae and its possible role in pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Baas","year":"1977"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Rev Sci Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.21.2.1338","article-title":"Infectious keratoconjunctivitis of ibex, chamois and other caprinae","volume":"21","author":"Giacometti","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Large animal internal medicine","first-page":"1164","article-title":"Infectious ocular diseases","author":"Dziezyc","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Veterinary medicine. 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