{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:46:41Z","timestamp":1763747201265,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine whether tepoxalin alters kidney function in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201416 dogs with CKD (International Renal Interest Society stage 2 or 3) and osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Kidney function was assessed via serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, urine protein-to-creatinine concentration ratio, urine \u03b3-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-creatinine concentration ratio, iohexol plasma clearance, and indirect blood pressure measurement twice before treatment. Dogs received tepoxalin (10 mg\/kg, PO, q 24 h) for 28 days (acute phase; n = 16) and an additional 6 months (chronic phase; 10). Recheck examinations were performed weekly (acute phase) and at 1, 3, and 6 months (chronic phase). Kidney function variables were analyzed via repeated-measures ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014There was no difference over time for any variables in dogs completing both phases of the study. Adverse drug events (ADEs) resulting in discontinuation of tepoxalin administration included increased serum creatinine concentration (1 dog; week 1), collapse (1 dog; week 1), increased liver enzyme activities (1 dog; week 4), vomiting and diarrhea (1 dog; week 8), hematochezia (1 dog; week 24), and gastrointestinal ulceration or perforation (1 dog; week 26). Preexisting medical conditions and concomitant drug use may have contributed to ADEs. Kidney function was not affected in the latter 5 dogs. Discontinuation of tepoxalin administration stabilized kidney function in the former dog and resolved the ADEs in 4 of the 5 latter dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Tepoxalin may be used, with appropriate monitoring, in dogs with International Renal Interest Society stage 2 or 3 CKD and osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.6.939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]],"date-time":"2013-05-29T15:21:11Z","timestamp":1369840871000},"page":"939-944","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Acute and chronic effects of tepoxalin on kidney function in dogs with chronic kidney disease and osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Lomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane D.","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory F.","family":"Grauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Adverse drug event reports at the United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine","first-page":"533","volume":"225","author":"Hampshire","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Clinical evaluation of a nutraceutical, carprofen and meloxicam for the treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis","first-page":"323","volume":"152","author":"Moreau","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Clinical evaluation of firocoxib and carprofen for the treatment of dogs with 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cyclooxygenases","first-page":"892","volume":"93","author":"Yabuki","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Tepoxalin: a dual cyclooxygenase\/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism with potent anti-inflammatory activity and a favorable gastrointestinal profile","first-page":"1399","volume":"271","author":"Argentieri","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Five-lipoxygenase products in glomerular immune injury","first-page":"907","volume":"3","author":"Badr","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"In vivo effects of tepoxalin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, on prostanoid and leukotriene production in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis","first-page":"966","volume":"66","author":"Agnello","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Retrospective case-control study of the effects of long-term dosing with meloxicam on renal function in aged cats with degenerative joint 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inhibitor","first-page":"581","volume":"28","author":"Fusellier","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"The effects of repeated intravenous iohexol administration on renal function in healthy Beagles\u2014a preliminary report","first-page":"47","volume":"54","author":"Kirberger","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Association between initial systolic blood pressure and risk of developing a uremic crisis or of dying in dogs with chronic renal failure","first-page":"322","volume":"222","author":"Jacob","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Evaluation of the association between initial proteinuria and morbidity rate or death in dogs with naturally occurring chronic renal failure","first-page":"393","volume":"226","author":"Jacob","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Hepatocellular toxicosis associated with carprofen administration in 21 dogs","first-page":"1895","volume":"212","author":"MacPhail","year":"1998"},{"series-title":"Adverse Drug Event Clinical Detail Report","key":"ref22"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Interspecies differences in the nephrotoxic response to cyclooxygenase inhibition","first-page":"111","volume":"27","author":"Sellers","year":"2004"},{"series-title":"Freedom of Information summary. Zubrin. Tepoxalin. Rapidly-disintegrating tablets for dogs","key":"ref24"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/74\/6\/ajvr.74.6.939.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/74\/6\/ajvr.74.6.939.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/74\/6\/ajvr.74.6.939.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:35:01Z","timestamp":1741350901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/74\/6\/ajvr.74.6.939.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.74.6.939","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}}}