{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T07:03:08Z","timestamp":1760079788743,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the efficacy of a multivalent modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine containing a <jats:italic>Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:italic> toxoid to reduce pneumonia and mortality rate when administered to calves challenge exposed with virulent <jats:italic>Bibersteinia trehalosi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201474 Holstein calves.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Calves were assigned to 2 treatment groups. Calves in the control group (n = 36) were vaccinated by SC administration of 2 mL of a commercial 5-way MLV vaccine, and calves in the other group (38) were vaccinated by SC administration of a 2-mL dose of a 5-way MLV vaccine containing <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> toxoid (day 0). On day 21, calves were transtracheally administered <jats:italic>B trehalosi<\/jats:italic>. Serum was obtained for analysis of antibody titers against <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> leukotoxin. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected from calves 1 day before vaccination (day \u22121) and challenge exposure (day 20) and cultured to detect bacterial respiratory pathogens. Clinical scores, rectal temperature, and death attributable to the challenge-exposure organism were recorded for 6 days after challenge exposure. Remaining calves were euthanized at the end of the study. Necropsy was performed on all calves, and lung lesion scores were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Calves vaccinated with the MLV vaccine containing <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> toxoid had significantly lower lung lesion scores, mortality rate, and clinical scores for respiratory disease, compared with results for control calves.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Administration of a multivalent MLV vaccine containing <jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> toxoid protected calves against challenge exposure with virulent <jats:italic>B trehalosi<\/jats:italic> by reducing the mortality rate, lung lesion scores, and clinical scores for respiratory disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.75.8.770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T22:10:39Z","timestamp":1406326239000},"page":"770-776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Efficacy of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine containing a Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid in calves challenge exposed with Bibersteinia trehalosi"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Terry L.","family":"Bowersock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian E.","family":"Sobecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Terrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie C.","family":"Martinon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Todd R.","family":"Meinert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randy D.","family":"Leyh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Diseases of sheep","first-page":"224","article-title":"Pasteurellosis","author":"Donachie","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64521-0","article-title":"Reclassification of [Pasteurella] trehalosi as Bibersteinia trehalosi","volume":"57","author":"Blackall","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Wildl Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.1.49","article-title":"Evaluation of ewe vaccination as a tool for increasing bighorn lamb survival following pasteurellosis 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