{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:42:05Z","timestamp":1762101725902,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To quantify concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and fibromodulin in synovial fluid from the tarsocrural joints (TCJs) of horses with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia and determine whether concentrations would change following arthroscopic removal of osteochondral fragments.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 115 client-owned horses with OCD of the TCJ and 29 control horses euthanized for unrelated reasons.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> COMP and fibromodulin concentrations were measured in synovial fluid from the TCJs of the affected horses before and after osteochondral fragments were removed arthroscopically and in synovial fluid from the TCJs of the control horses after euthanasia. Synovial biopsy specimens from the TCJs of affected and control horses were examined histologically for evidence of inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> Synovial fluid COMP and fibromodulin concentrations prior to surgery in horses with OCD were not significantly different from concentrations in control horses. Fibromodulin, but not COMP, concentration in horses with OCD was significantly decreased after surgery, compared with the concentration before surgery. Fibromodulin concentration was significantly correlated with joint effusion score but not with lameness score or results of a flexion test and was correlated with histologic score for number of synoviocytes on the surface of the synovium but not with score for degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the synovium. Synovial fluid COMP concentration was not significantly correlated with clinical or histologic findings.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Results suggested that fibromodulin, but not COMP, could potentially be a biomarker of joint inflammation in horses with OCD of the TCJ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.76.7.599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,25]],"date-time":"2015-06-25T18:01:37Z","timestamp":1435255297000},"page":"599-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Changes in synovial fluid biomarker concentrations following arthroscopic surgery in horses with osteochondritis dissecans of the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Palle","family":"Brink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger K. W.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aage","family":"Tverdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils I.","family":"Dolvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"709","article-title":"Lameness and effusion of the tarsocrural joints after arthroscopy of osteochondritis dissecans in horses","volume":"165","author":"Brink","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.1.47","article-title":"Association between clinical signs and histopathologic changes in the synovium of the tarsocrural joint of horses with osteochondritis dissecans of the tibia","volume":"71","author":"Brink","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Equine Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406X156073","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and hyaluronan levels in synovial fluid from horses with osteoarthritis of the tarsometatarsal joint compared to a control population","volume":"38","author":"Taylor","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2001.28430","article-title":"Synovial fluid cytokines and eicosanoids as markers of joint disease in horses","volume":"30","author":"Bertone","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0349","article-title":"Cross-sectional comparison of synovial fluid biochemical markers in equine osteoarthritis and the correlation of these markers with articular cartilage damage","volume":"9","author":"Fuller","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Br J Rheumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/31.9.583","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein: a novel marker of cartilage turnover detectable in synovial fluid and blood","volume":"31","author":"Saxne","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl","first-page":"27","article-title":"Macromolecule markers in joint disease","volume":"27","author":"Heinegard","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Matrix Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2004.07.007","article-title":"Altered patterns and synthesis of extracellular matrix macromolecules in early osteoarthritis","volume":"23","author":"Lorenzo","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41677-8","article-title":"COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) is structurally related to the thrombospondins","volume":"267","author":"Oldberg","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6132","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42671-3","article-title":"Cartilage matrix proteins. An acidic oligomeric protein (COMP) detected only in cartilage","volume":"267","author":"Hedbom","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Matrix Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(97)90014-7","article-title":"The distribution of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in tendon and its variation with tendon site, age and load","volume":"16","author":"Smith","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1053\/tvjl.2001.0590","article-title":"The distribution of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in equine carpal articular cartilage and its variation with exercise and cartilage deterioration","volume":"162","author":"Murray","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2006.00877.x","article-title":"Altered homeo stasis of extracellular matrix proteins in joints of standardbred trotters during a long-term training programme","volume":"53","author":"Ski\u00f6ldebrand","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Res Vet Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2009.07.011","article-title":"Ultrastructural immunolocalization of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in the articular cartilage on the equine third carpal bone in trained and untrained horses","volume":"88","author":"Ski\u00f6ldebrand","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Nat Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0795-330","article-title":"Pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia due to mutations in the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene","volume":"10","author":"Briggs","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Nat Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0795-325","article-title":"Mutations in exon 17B of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) cause pseudoachondroplasia","volume":"10","author":"Hecht","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20397","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.32.20397","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein shows high affinity zinc-dependent interaction with triple helical collagen","volume":"273","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6046","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M009507200","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein interacts with type IX collagen and disruptions to these interactions identify a pathogenetic mechanism in a bone dysplasia family","volume":"276","author":"Holden","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Matrix Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(02)00015-X","article-title":"Matrix-matrix interaction of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and fibronectin","volume":"21","author":"Di Cesare","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11347","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608744200","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein associates with granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP) and potentiates GEP-stimulated chondrocyte proliferation","volume":"282","author":"Xu","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Arthritis Res Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R56","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1922","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein is involved in human limb development and in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"8","author":"Koelling","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"Ann Rheum Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.53.1.8","article-title":"Release of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) into joint fluid after knee injury and in osteoarthritis","volume":"53","author":"Lohmander","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0367","article-title":"Measurement of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in normal and diseased equine synovial fluids","volume":"9","author":"Misumi","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"394","article-title":"Concentration of collagen, aggrecan and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in synovial fluid from equine middle carpal joints","volume":"33","author":"Ski\u00f6ldebrand","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"31","article-title":"Analysis of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) degradation and synthesis in equine joint disease","volume":"37","author":"Arai","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref26","series-title":"J Orthop Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2004.05.013","article-title":"Enhanced concentration of COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) in osteochondral fractures from racing Thoroughbreds","volume":"23","author":"Ski\u00f6ldebrand","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref27","series-title":"Res Vet Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2000.0385","article-title":"Differences in the concentration of various synovial fluid constituents between the distal interphalangeal joint, the metacarpophalangeal joint and the navicular bursa in normal horses","volume":"69","author":"Viitanen","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)67101-7","article-title":"Two novel matrix proteins isolated from articular cartilage show wide distributions among connective tissues","volume":"261","author":"Heineg\u00e5rd","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref29","series-title":"J Biol Chem","first-page":"32301","article-title":"The extracellular matrix and inflammation. Fibromodulin activates the classical pathway of complement by directly binding C1q","volume":"280","author":"Sj\u00f6berg","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref30","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6286","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307765200","article-title":"Cleavage of fibromodulin in cartilage explants involves removal of the N-terminal tyrosine sulfate-rich region by proteolysis at a site that is sensitive to matrix metalloproteinase-13","volume":"279","author":"Heathfield","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref31","series-title":"Glycoconj J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018552913584","article-title":"The structure of the keratan sulphate chains attached to fibromodulin from human articular cartilage","volume":"14","author":"Lauder","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref32","series-title":"FASEB J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.3.9.2663581","article-title":"Structure and biology of cartilage and bone matrix non-collagenous macromolecules","volume":"3","author":"Heineg\u00e5rd","year":"1989"},{"key":"ref33","series-title":"Matrix Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0945-053X(94)90186-4","article-title":"Fibromodulin distribution and association with collagen","volume":"14","author":"Hedlund","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref34","series-title":"Histochem J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1003291303380","article-title":"The proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan chains of rabbit synovium","volume":"30","author":"Coleman","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref35","series-title":"Matrix","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8832(11)80148-4","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of proteoglycans and non-collagenous matrix proteins in normal and osteochondrotic porcine articular-epiphyseal cartilage complex","volume":"10","author":"Ekman","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref36","series-title":"J Rheumatol","first-page":"318","article-title":"The serine protease inhibitor trappin-2 is present in cartilage and synovial fluid in osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Jaovisidha","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref37","series-title":"Diagnosis and management of lameness in the horse","first-page":"66","article-title":"Movement","author":"Ross","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref38","series-title":"Equine Vet J","first-page":"375","article-title":"Oral hyaluronan gel reduces post operative tarsocrural effusion in the yearling Thoroughbred","volume":"38","author":"Bergin","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref39","series-title":"Vet Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00751.x","article-title":"An increased cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration in equine digital flexor tendon sheath synovial fluid predicts intrathecal tendon damage","volume":"40","author":"Smith","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/76\/7\/ajvr.76.7.599.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/76\/7\/ajvr.76.7.599.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/76\/7\/ajvr.76.7.599.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:38:56Z","timestamp":1741351136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/76\/7\/ajvr.76.7.599.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.76.7.599","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}}}