{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T05:23:54Z","timestamp":1741411434856,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To sequence exons and splice consensus sites of the dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) gene in Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers with clinical laryngeal paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 5 unrelated Leonbergers with laryngeal paralysis, 2 clinically normal Leonbergers, 7 unrelated Labrador Retrievers with laryngeal paralysis, and 2 clinically normal Labrador Retrievers.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Primers were designed for the entire coding regions of the DCTN1 gene, a noncoding exon at the 5\u00b4 end of the gene, and a 900-bp single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-rich region located 17 kb upstream of the DCTN1 gene by use of the CanFam3 assembly of the canine genome sequence. Sequences were generated and compared between clinically normal and affected dogs. The SNPs flanking the DCTN1 gene as well as a previously identified nonsynonymous SNP in exon 32 were genotyped in affected and clinically normal Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> None of the affected dogs were homozygous for any mutation affecting coding regions or splicing consensus sequences. Of the 16 dogs tested for the missense SNP in exon 32, all were homozygous for the reference allele, except for 2 affected and 1 clinically normal Labrador Retriever and 1 clinically normal Leonberger. The DCTN1 gene sequences (5 dogs) and haplotypes of polymorphic markers surrounding the DCTN1 gene (all dogs) were not consistent with the hypothesis that laryngeal paralysis was associated with inheritance of the same DCTN1 disease-causing allele within all Labrador Retrievers or Leonbergers evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Mutations in the DCTN1 gene did not appear to cause laryngeal paralysis in Leonbergers or Labrador Retrievers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.77.10.1114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,26]],"date-time":"2016-09-26T15:38:42Z","timestamp":1474904322000},"page":"1114-1120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the dynactin 1 gene in Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers with laryngeal paralysis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"David E.","family":"Holt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothy C.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula S.","family":"Henthorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Textbook of respiratory diseases in dogs and cats","first-page":"319","article-title":"Laryngeal paralysis","author":"Holt","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.1949","article-title":"Outcome of and postoperative complications in dogs undergoing surgical treatment of laryngeal paralysis: 140 cases (1985\u20131998)","volume":"218","author":"MacPhail","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Aust Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2003.tb13361.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of unilateral arytenoid lateralisation in the treatment of laryngeal paralysis in 100 dogs (1992\u20132000)","volume":"81","author":"Snelling","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1989.tb01469.x","article-title":"Arytenoid lateralization. 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