{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:10:09Z","timestamp":1791292209052,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To assess effects of photobiomodulation, silver sulfadiazine, and a topical antimicrobial product for the treatment of experimentally induced full-thickness skin wounds in green iguanas <jats:italic>(Iguana iguana).<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 16 healthy subadult green iguanas.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> Iguanas were anesthetized, and three 5-mm cutaneous biopsy specimens were obtained from each iguana (day 0). Iguanas were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups, each of which had a control treatment. Wounds in the topical treatment group received silver sulfadiazine, a topical antimicrobial product, or no treatment. Wounds in the laser treatment group received treatment with a class 4 laser at 5 or 10 J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> or no treatment. Wound measurements were obtained daily for 14 days. Iguanas were euthanized, and treatment sites were evaluated microscopically to detect ulceration, bacterial contamination, reepithelialization, necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and collagen maturity.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> On day 14, wounds treated with a laser at 10 J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> were significantly smaller than those treated with silver sulfadiazine, but there were no other significant differences among treatments. Histologically, there were no significant differences in ulceration, bacterial infection, reepithelialization, necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and collagen maturity among treatments.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> Photobiomodulation at 10 J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> appeared to be a safe treatment that was tolerated well by green iguanas, but it did not result in substantial improvement in histologic evidence of wound healing, compared with results for other treatments or no treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.79.4.465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T15:11:02Z","timestamp":1522163462000},"page":"465-473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Gross and histologic evaluation of effects of photobiomodulation, silver sulfadiazine, and a topical antimicrobial product on experimentally induced full-thickness skin wounds in green iguanas (Iguana iguana)"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Lara M.","family":"Cusack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joerg","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Cutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Rissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Divers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Reptile medicine and surgery.","first-page":"581","article-title":"Surgery","author":"Mader","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2003.08.006","article-title":"Wound management in reptiles","volume":"7","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Acta Zoologica","first-page":"306","article-title":"Ultrastructural features of the process of wound healing after tail and limb amputation in lizard","volume":"91","author":"Alibardi","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Eublepharis macularius. 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