{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:40:31Z","timestamp":1761864031550},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\nOBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\nTo evaluate the use of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) for the assessment of prostatic tumors in dogs and to compare results for TRUS with results for other imaging modalities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n10 client-owned male dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nPROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\nClient-owned dogs identified with prostatic carcinoma were enrolled. Fluoroscopy, transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS), TRUS, and MRI were performed on all dogs. Tumor measurements, urethral penetration (identification of abnormal tissue within the urethral lumen), and tumor extension into the urinary tract were recorded for all imaging modalities. Agreement between results for MRI (considered the criterion-referenced standard) and results for other modalities were compared.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nRESULTS<\/jats:title>\nMedian body weight of the 10 dogs was 26.3 kg (range, 9.4 to 49.5 kg). No complications were encountered during or after TRUS. Significant moderate to good agreements (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.60 to 0.86) among TAUS, TRUS, fluoroscopy, and MRI were identified for tumor length and height. Assessments of urethral penetration and tumor extension into the bladder with TRUS did not differ significantly from those made with MRI and were superior in terms of absolute agreement with MRI when compared with those for TAUS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\nTRUS was successfully and safely used to evaluate prostatic carcinoma in dogs. There was moderate to good agreement with MRI results for tumor height and length measurements, and TRUS was found to be superior to TAUS for some assessments. Transrectal ultrasonography can be considered an adjunctive imaging modality for the performance of prostatic interventional procedures or assessment of response to treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.80.11.1012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T17:41:03Z","timestamp":1571852463000},"page":"1012-1019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Use of transrectal ultrasonography for assessment of the size and location of prostatic carcinoma in dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"William T. N.","family":"Culp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric G.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Giuffrida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrie A.","family":"Palm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp D.","family":"Mayhew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Rebhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenna H.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Vet J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.07.012","article-title":"Prostate cancer in dogs: comparative and clinical aspects","volume":"180","author":"Leroy","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Anat Histol Embryol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12022","article-title":"Normal canine prostate gland: repeatability, reproducibility, observer-dependent variability of ultrasonographic measurements of the prostate in healthy intact Beagles","volume":"42","author":"Leroy","year":"2013"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"ref3","series-title":"Reprod Domest Anim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2009.01442.x","article-title":"Prostatic perfusion in the dog 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