{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T09:12:35Z","timestamp":1696583555430},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:bold> To test the hypothesis that once-daily oral administration of atenolol would attenuate the heart rate response to isoproterenol for 24 hours.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>ANIMALS<\/jats:bold> 20 healthy dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>PROCEDURES<\/jats:bold> A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted. Dogs were assigned to receive atenolol (1 mg\/kg, PO, q 24 h) or a placebo for 5 to 7 days. After a washout period of 7 days, dogs then received the other treatment. Heart rate at rest (HR<jats:sub>r<\/jats:sub>) and heart rate induced by administration of isoproterenol (HR<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) as a constant rate infusion (0.2 \u03bcg\/kg\/min for 5 to 7 minutes) were obtained by use of ECG 0, 0.25, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after administration of the final dose of atenolol or the placebo. A mixed-model ANOVA was used to evaluate effects of treatment, time after drug or placebo administration, treatment-by-time interaction, period, and sequence on HR<jats:sub>r<\/jats:sub> and HR<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS<\/jats:bold> Effects of sequence or period were not detected. There was a significant effect of treatment and the treatment-by-time interaction on HR<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. Atenolol significantly attenuated HR<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> for 24 hours but did so maximally at 3 hours (least squares mean \u00b1 SE, 146 \u00b1 5 beats\/min and 208 \u00b1 5 beats\/min for atenolol and placebo, respectively). The effect at 24 hours was small (193 \u00b1 5 beats\/min and 206 \u00b1 5 beats\/min for atenolol and placebo, respectively). Atenolol had a small but significant effect on HR<jats:sub>r<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:bold> This study of healthy dogs receiving atenolol supported a recommendation for a dosing interval &lt; 24 hours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.80.3.270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T15:53:09Z","timestamp":1551109989000},"page":"270-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Duration of \u03b2-adrenoceptor blockade associated with once-daily oral administration of atenolol in healthy dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Mari I.","family":"Waterman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea Eriksson","family":"De 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