{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T16:25:53Z","timestamp":1770827153853,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced CT for assessment of pancreatic perfusion in healthy dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>6 healthy purpose-bred female Treeing Walker Coonhounds.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Contrast-enhanced CT of the cranial part of the abdomen was performed with 3-mm slice thickness. Postprocessing computer software designed for evaluation of human patients was used to calculate perfusion data for the pancreas and liver by use of 3-mm and reformatted 6-mm slices. Differences in perfusion variables between the pancreas and liver and differences in liver-specific data of interest were evaluated with the Friedman test.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Multiple pancreatic perfusion variables were determined, including perfusion, peak enhancement index, time to peak enhancement, and blood volume. The same variables as well as arterial, portal, and total perfusion and hepatic perfusion index were determined for the liver. Values for 6-mm slices appeared similar to those for 3-mm slices. The liver had significantly greater median perfusion and peak enhancement index, compared with the pancreas.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s005\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Measurement of pancreatic perfusion with contrast-enhanced CT was feasible in this group of dogs. Hepatic arterial and pancreatic perfusion values were similar to previously published findings for dogs, but hepatic portal and hepatic total perfusion measurements were not. These discrepancies might have been attributable to physiologic differences between dogs and people and related limitations of the CT software intended for evaluation of human patients. Further research is warranted to assess reliability of perfusion variables and applicability of the method for assessment of canine patients with pancreatic abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.81.2.131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T15:03:11Z","timestamp":1580137391000},"page":"131-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Computed tomographic evaluation of pancreatic perfusion in healthy dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Timothy B.","family":"Kloer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Twedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela J.","family":"Marolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12293","article-title":"Pancreatitis in dogs and cats: definitions and pathophysiology","volume":"56","author":"Watson","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"J Small Anim Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12274","article-title":"Diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats","volume":"56","author":"Xenoulis","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Vet Ther","first-page":"263","article-title":"Sensitivity of serum markers for pancreatitis in dogs with macroscopic evidence of pancreatitis","volume":"9","author":"Steiner","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0146965","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146965","article-title":"Perfusion-CT\u2014Can we predict acute pancreatitis outcome within the first 24 hours from the onset of symptoms?","volume":"11","author":"J","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12285","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the pancreas in healthy dogs and in dogs with acute pancreatitis","volume":"57","author":"Rademacher","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.18665","article-title":"Advances in pancreatic CT imaging","volume":"211","author":"Almeida","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2233010680","article-title":"Acute pancreatitis: assessment of severity with clinical and CT evaluation","volume":"223","author":"Balthazar","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12467","article-title":"Computed tomographic angiography under sedation in the diagnosis of suspected canine pancreatitis: a pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Adrian","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15364","article-title":"Computed tomographic angiography and ultrasonography in the diagnosis and evaluation of acute pancreatitis in dogs","volume":"33","author":"French","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Abdom Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-014-0226-6","article-title":"Perfusion CT: can it predict the development of pancreatic necrosis in early stage of severe acute pancreatitis?","volume":"40","author":"Yadav","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Int J Inflam","article-title":"Pancreatic perfusion CT in early stage of severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"497386","author":"Tsuji","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Rofo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1384876","article-title":"The role of volume perfusion CT in the diagnosis of pathologies of the pancreas","volume":"186","author":"G","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Am J Vet Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.9.970","article-title":"Dynamic computed tomographic quantitation of hepatic perfusion in dogs with and without portal vascular anomalies","volume":"68","author":"Zwingenberger","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.06.016","article-title":"Measurement of canine pancreatic perfusion using dynamic computed tomography: influence of input-output vessels on de-convolution and maximum slope methods","volume":"77","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2006.00139.x","article-title":"Helical computed tomographic angiography of the normal canine pancreas","volume":"47","author":"AV","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2007.00251.x","article-title":"Dynamic computed tomography of the pancreas in normal dogs and in a dog with pancreatic insulinoma","volume":"48","author":"Iseri","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199505000-00016","article-title":"Liver perfusion studied with ultrafast CT","volume":"19","author":"Blomley","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.188.2.8327686","article-title":"Functional images of hepatic perfusion obtained with dynamic CT","volume":"188","author":"Miles","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Acad Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(03)80370-7","article-title":"Measuring portal venous perfusion with contrast-enhanced CT: comparison of direct and indirect methods","volume":"9","author":"Tsushima","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.11.054","article-title":"Multi-organ perfusion CT in the abdomen using a 320-detector row CT scanner: preliminary results of perfusion changes in the liver, spleen, and pancreas of cirrhotic patients","volume":"81","author":"Motosugi","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/81\/2\/ajvr.81.2.131.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/81\/2\/ajvr.81.2.131.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/81\/2\/ajvr.81.2.131.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T20:43:42Z","timestamp":1696538622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/81\/2\/ajvr.81.2.131.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.81.2.131","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}}}