{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:51:03Z","timestamp":1791503463794,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To determine whether a stainless steel implant sterilized with a novel cold atmospheric plasma sterilization (CAPS) device adversely affects local tissues in rabbits and whether CAPS was as effective as steam sterilization with an autoclave to inactivate <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>ANIMALS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>31 healthy New Zealand White rabbits.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>PROCEDURES<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Steam-autoclaved stainless steel implants inoculated with <jats:italic>P multocida<\/jats:italic> underwent a second steam autoclave sterilization (AIA) or CAPS (AICAPS). One AIA implant and 3 AICAPS implants were randomly placed subcutaneously at 4 sites in 21 rabbits (84 implants). These rabbits were monitored daily for 5 days for evidence of systemic illness and local tissue reactions at the implantation sites and then euthanized. Samples were taken from each implant site for bacterial culture and histologic examination.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cultures of samples obtained from all sites were negative for bacterial growth. No significant difference was observed in mean skin thickness or erythema between AIA and AICAPS implant sites on any observed day. Also, individual histologic grades for the epidermis, dermis, subcutis, and muscle and total histologic grade were not significantly different between AIA and AICAPS implant sites.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s005\">\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cold atmospheric plasma sterilization was noninferior to steam sterilization of <jats:italic>P multocida<\/jats:italic>\u2013contaminated stainless steel implants in the rabbits in the present study. However, studies of the efficacy of CAPS for inactivation of other important bacteria are needed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.82.2.118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T13:21:06Z","timestamp":1611321666000},"page":"118-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Safety and efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma for the sterilization of a Pasteurella multocida\u2013contaminated subcutaneously implanted foreign body in rabbits"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Haileigh K.","family":"Avellar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akhilesh","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd C.","family":"Holbrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike J.","family":"Schoonover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Payton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kedar Kamlakant","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plasma Bionics LLC, Stillwater, OK 74074"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris T.","family":"Timmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plasma Bionics LLC, Stillwater, OK 74074"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Guideline for disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities, 2008","author":"Rutala WA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rutala WA, Weber DJ. 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