{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:31:31Z","timestamp":1777501891138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"s001\">\n<jats:title>CASE DESCRIPTION<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A 9-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat (cat 1) and a 10-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat (cat 2) were presented for recurrent feline lower urinary tract disease after receiving outpatient care from their primary veterinarians.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s002\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Physical examination findings for both cats were initially within reference limits. After a short period of hospitalization, both cats developed peritoneal effusion; results of cytologic analysis of a sample of the fluid were consistent with septic peritonitis. During exploratory laparotomy, perforation of the pylorus or proximal portion of the duodenum secondary to ulceration was identified.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s003\">\n<jats:title>TREATMENT AND OUTCOME<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Both cats underwent partial duodenectomy, partial gastrectomy (pylorectomy), and gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II procedure). The cats recovered from surgery and returned to a normal quality of life; however, each had mild episodes of anorexia but maintained a stable body weight. Cat 2 required additional surgery for trichobezoar removal 7 weeks later but recovered quickly. At 7 months after trichobezoar removal, cat 2 developed intermittent vomiting, but clinicopathologic, abdominal ultrasonographic, and upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopic findings were within reference limits. At 9 (cat 2) and 13 (cat 1) months after the Billroth II procedure, both cats were reported to be in good general health and without gastrointestinal signs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"s004\">\n<jats:title>CLINICAL RELEVANCE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In both cats, the Billroth II procedure was technically straightforward and associated with a full recovery and good medium- to long-term quality of life. A Billroth II procedure could be considered for treatment of cats with large mural lesions in the pyloroduodenal region.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.20.04.0241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T18:52:48Z","timestamp":1636051968000},"page":"1325-1331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Billroth II procedure for the treatment of spontaneous gastrointestinal perforation in two cats"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"259","author":[{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Barandun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronan A.","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Section of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland (Mullins)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Rytz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ref1","series-title":"J Feline Med Surg.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X16663269","article-title":"Determination of reference intervals and comparison of venous blood gas parameters using standard and non-standard collection methods in 24 cats","volume":"19","author":"Bachmann K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bachmann K, Kutter AP, Schefer RJ, Marly-Voquer C, Sigrist N. 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