{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:28:37Z","timestamp":1793392117954,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To characterize clinical, serologic, bacteriologic,\ncytologic, and pathologic endometrial responses\nof mares to 2 donkey-origin atypical bacterial isolates\nresembling <jats:italic>Taylorella equigenitalis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective in vivo study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201410 healthy mares.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mares in estrus (2\/group) were inoculated\nby intrauterine infusion with 2 isolates of classic <jats:italic>T\nequigenitalis<\/jats:italic> or 2 isolates of atypical <jats:italic>Taylorella<\/jats:italic> sp or\nwere sham-inoculated. Bacteriologic, serologic, clinical,\nuterine, cytologic, and pathologic endometrial\nresponses were assessed 4, 11, 21, 35, and 63 days\nafter inoculation and on day 111 in mares with positive\nculture results on day 63.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014One atypical isolate failed to cause infection.\nThe second atypical isolate and both classic <jats:italic>T\nequigenitalis<\/jats:italic> isolates induced similar transient metritis\nand cervicitis. Both classic isolates and 1 atypical\nisolate induced anti-<jats:italic>T equigenitalis<\/jats:italic> complement-fixing\nantibodies detectable at day 11. Classic isolates and\nan atypical isolate provoked intense neutrophilic\nendometritis followed by a resolving, subacute, neutrophilic-mononuclear endometrial response. The\natypical isolate and classic isolates were recovered\nfrom the uterus, clitoral fossa, or clitoral sinus of one\nor both exposed mares for as long as 111 days.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Atypical\n<jats:italic>Taylorella<\/jats:italic> sp infections should be considered as a differential\ndiagnosis of equine infertility in US-origin\nmares, even those not exposed to stallions from\ncountries where contagious equine metritis occurs.\nThe origins and prevalence of atypical <jats:italic>Taylorella<\/jats:italic> sp\ninfection in US horses and donkeys are undetermined.\n(<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic> 2000;216:1945\u20131948)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.216.1945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T17:41:34Z","timestamp":1133890894000},"page":"1945-1948","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Clinical, bacteriologic, serologic, and pathologic features of infections with atypical Taylorella equigenitalis in mares"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"Jonathan B.","family":"Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence E.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Hutto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda C.","family":"Schroeder-Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Carew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwight C.","family":"Hirsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_1","first-page":"160","author":"Swerczek TW","year":"1992","journal-title":"Va: United States Animal Health Association"},{"key":"p_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-9571(96)00005-7"},{"key":"p_3_3","first-page":"405","volume":"173","author":"Swerczek TW","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_4_4","first-page":"1","author":"Mackintosh ME","year":"1990","journal-title":"Paris: Office International Des Epizooties"},{"key":"p_5_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103.13.275","volume":"103","author":"Croxton-Smith P","year":"1978","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_6_6","first-page":"65","volume":"28","author":"Gradinaru DA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"p_7_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(81)90023-4"},{"key":"p_8_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1984.tb07170.x","volume":"61","author":"Rogerson BA","year":"1984","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"p_9_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.110.11.250","volume":"110","author":"Sahu SP","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_10_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.48.1.94-108.1985","volume":"48","author":"Hitchcock PJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"p_11_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.1.233-234.1995","volume":"33","author":"Thoresen SI","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"p_12_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4028(199905)39:2<127::AID-JOBM127>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"p_13_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102.13.277","volume":"102","author":"Benson JA","year":"1977","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_14_14","first-page":"1405","volume":"44","author":"Sahu SP","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/216\/12\/javma.2000.216.1945.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/216\/12\/javma.2000.216.1945.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/javma\/216\/12\/javma.2000.216.1945.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:45:05Z","timestamp":1741355105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/javma\/216\/12\/javma.2000.216.1945.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/javma.2000.216.1945","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-1488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-1488","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,15]]}}}