{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:11:18Z","timestamp":1776755478114,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate efficacy and safety of using\ntransdermal fentanyl patches (TFP) for analgesia in\ncats undergoing onychectomy.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Randomized controlled clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201445 client-owned cats weighing \u2265 2.7 kg\n(5.9 lb) undergoing onychectomy, onychectomy and\novariohysterectomy, or onychectomy and castration.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats were randomly assigned to be\ntreated with a TFP (25 \u00b5g\/h) or butorphanol; TFP were\napplied a minimum of 4 hours before surgery (approx\n8 hours prior to extubation). Rectal temperature, heart\nrate, respiratory rate, force applied by the forelimbs,\nand serum fentanyl concentration were measured,\nand temperament, recovery, degree of sedation,\nseverity of pain, severity of lameness, and appetite\nwere scored before and periodically for up to 40 hours\nafter surgery.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats treated with a TFP had better recovery\nscores at 2 of 4 evaluation times, lower sedation\nscores at 2 of 8 evaluation times, and lower pain\nscores at 6 of 8 evaluation times, compared with cats\ntreated with butorphanol. Use of a pressure-sensitive\nmat to evaluate force applied by the forelimbs did not\nreveal any differences between groups but did reveal\na significant difference between preoperative and\npostoperative values. Mean \u00b1 SD serum fentanyl concentrations\nwere 1.56 \u00b1 1.08, 4.85 \u00b1 2.38, 4.87 \u00b1 1.56,\nand 4.35 \u00b1 2.97 ng\/ml approximately 8, 24, 32, and 48\nhours, respectively, after TFP placement.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat use of a TFP (25 \u00b5g\/h) for postoperative analgesia\nin cats undergoing onychectomy with or without\nsurgical sterilization is safe and effective. 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