{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:22:21Z","timestamp":1770218541950,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine effects of various diets on\nthe pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital and the interactive\neffects of changes in body composition and\nmetabolic rate.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201427 healthy sexually intact adult female\nBeagles.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Pharmacokinetic studies of phenobarbital\nwere performed before and 2 months after dogs\nwere fed 1 of 3 diets (group 1, maintenance diet;\ngroup 2, protein-restricted diet; group 3, fat- and protein-restricted diet) and treated with phenobarbital\n(approx 3 mg\/kg [1.4 mg\/lb] of body weight, PO, q 12\nh). Pharmacokinetic studies involved administering\nphenobarbital (15 mg\/kg [6.8 mg\/lb], IV) and collecting\nblood samples at specific intervals for 240 hours.\nEffects of diet and time were determined by repeated-measures ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Volume of distribution, mean residence\ntime, and half-life (t<jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>) of phenobarbital significantly\ndecreased, whereas clearance rate and elimination\nrate significantly increased with time in all groups.\nDietary protein or fat restriction induced significantly\ngreater changes: t<jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub> (hours) was lower in groups 2\n(mean \u00b1 SD; 25.9 \u00b1 6.10 hours) and 3 (24.0 \u00b1 4.70)\nthan in group 1 (32.9 \u00b1 5.20). Phenobarbital clearance\nrate (ml\/kg\/min) was significantly higher in group 3\n(0.22 \u00b1 0.05 ml\/kg\/min) than in groups 1 (0.17 \u00b1 0.03)\nor 2 (0.18 \u00b1 0.03). Induction of serum alkaline phosphatase\nactivity (U\/L) was greater in groups 2 (192.4\n\u00b1 47.5 U\/L) and 3 (202.0 \u00b1 98.2) than in group 1 (125.0\n\u00b1 47.5).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Clinically\nimportant differences between diet groups were\nobserved regarding pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital,\nchanges in CBC and serum biochemical variables,\nand body composition. Drug dosage must be reevaluated\nif a dog's diet, body weight, or body composition\nchanges during treatment. Changes in blood variables\nthat may indicate liver toxicosis caused by phenobarbital\nmay be amplified by diet-drug interactions. (<jats:italic>J Am\nVet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic> 2000;217:847\u2013852)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T15:20:23Z","timestamp":1135178423000},"page":"847-852","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of diet on pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital in healthy dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"217","author":[{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Maguire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Fettman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary O.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah S.","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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