{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:06:37Z","timestamp":1791360397000,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To describe clinical signs, diagnostic findings,\nand outcome in dogs with idiopathic intrahepatic\nportal hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201433 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical records of dogs with portal\nhypertension of intra-abdominal origin were reviewed.\nDogs with intra-abdominal portal hypertension of vascular\ncauses or with hepatic histopathologic changes\nconsistent with severe diffuse hepatobiliary disease\nwere excluded. History and results of physical examination,\nclinicopathologic tests, diagnostic imaging\nstudies, histologic examination, and treatment were\nsummarized. Outcome was determined in 26 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs were referred most often because of\nascites, intermittent vomiting or diarrhea, and polydipsia\nof several months' duration. Microcytosis, high\nserum alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase\nactivities, hepatic dysfunction, urine specific gravity \u2264\n1.021, and abdominal transudate were the predominant\nclinicopathologic features. Microhepatia, abdominal\neffusion, and multiple anomalous venous anastomoses\nwere the major findings of diagnostic imaging.\nHepatic histopathologic changes were consistent\nwith idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension and\nwere indistinguishable from those of dogs with surgically\ncreated portocaval anastomosis. Outcome was\ndetermined for 19 dogs released from hospital; 13\ndogs remained healthy with mostly palliative treatment\nfor periods of 5 months to 9 years.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014The clinical\nsigns, clinicopathologic test results, portal pressure,\nand gross appearance of the liver of dogs with idiopathic\nnoncirrhotic portal hypertension may be identical\nto those of dogs with cirrhosis; therefore liver\nbiopsy is crucial. Because the prognosis for idiopathic\nnoncirrhotic portal hypertension is generally favorable,\nowners of affected dogs should be discouraged from\nchoosing euthanasia. 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