{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:49:06Z","timestamp":1793497746824,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["javma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine blood cell morphologic\ncharacteristics and hematologic and plasma biochemical\nreference ranges for iguanas housed in a warm\nindoor and outdoor environment with regular exposure\nto direct sunlight.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\u2014Original study.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201451 clinically normal iguanas (18 males, 25\nfemales, and 8 juveniles) housed in 3 Florida locations.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Blood was collected from the coccygeal\nor ventral abdominal vein. Any samples that\nhad obvious hemolysis or clot formation were not\nused. Leukocyte counts were determined manually;\nother hematologic values were obtained by use\nof a commercially available cell counter. Plasma\nbiochemical values were determined by use of a\nspectrophotometric chemistry analyzer. Blood\nsmears were stained with Wright-Giemsa and cytochemical\nstains for morphologic and cytochemical\nevaluation.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Hematologic ranges were generally higher\nin this study than previously reported. Thrombocytes\nwere variable in appearance between individuals and\nsometimes difficult to distinguish from lymphocytes\non a Wright-Giemsa preparation. Concentrations of\ncalcium, phosphorus, total protein, globulins, and cholesterol\nwere significantly higher, and the\nalbumin:globulin ratio was significantly lower, in\nhealthy gravid females than in male or nongravid\nfemale iguanas. Nongravid females had significantly\nhigher calcium and cholesterol concentrations, compared\nwith males. The calcium:phosphorus ratio was\n&gt; 1 in all iguanas. Gravid females had a calcium phosphorus\nproduct ranging between 210 and 800. Intracytoplasmic\ninclusions were identified within the erythrocytes\nof some iguanas.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Hematologic\nranges for iguanas in this study are higher than those\nreported for iguanas. Sex and age of the iguana\nshould be considered when evaluating biochemical\nvalues. Healthy ovulating and gravid females may\nhave significantly increased electrolyte and protein\nconcentrations, but maintain a calcium:phosphorus\nratio &gt; 1. (<jats:italic>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/jats:italic> 2001;218:915\u2013921)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.218.915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,23]],"date-time":"2006-01-23T18:38:23Z","timestamp":1138041503000},"page":"915-921","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Morphologic and cytochemical characteristics of blood cells and hematologic and plasma biochemical reference ranges in green iguanas"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Kendal E.","family":"Harr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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